java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: 分配 41472012 字节失败,空闲 16777216 字节,距离 OOM 还有 16MB,目标占用:268435456,增长限制:268435456
java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Failed to allocate a 41472012 byte allocation with 16777216 free bytes and 16MB until OOM, target footprint: 268435456, growth limit: 268435456
ID: android/outofmemoryerror-bitmap-too-large
版本兼容性
| 版本 | 状态 | 引入 | 弃用 | 备注 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Android 12 (API 31) | active | — | — | — |
| Android 13 (API 33) | active | — | — | — |
| Android 14 (API 34) | active | — | — | — |
| Glide 4.15 | active | — | — | — |
| Coil 2.4.0 | active | — | — | — |
根因分析
应用尝试将大位图(例如,来自相机或网络)加载到内存而不进行缩放,超过了每个应用的堆限制。
English
App tries to load a large bitmap (e.g., from camera or network) into memory without downscaling, exceeding the per-app heap limit.
官方文档
https://developer.android.com/topic/performance/graphics/load-bitmap解决方案
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Use BitmapFactory.Options to downsample the image: BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options(); options.inSampleSize = 4; // reduces size by factor of 4 Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.large_image, options);
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Use an image loading library like Glide or Coil that handles downsampling and caching automatically: Glide.with(context).load(url).override(800, 600).into(imageView);
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If loading from camera, use getBitmap() with a reduced max dimension: Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(data, 0, data.length, options); where options.inJustDecodeBounds = true is used first to calculate the sample size.
无效尝试
常见但无效的做法:
-
80% 失败
Increasing the heap size via android:largeHeap="true" in the manifest is not a reliable fix because the system may still kill the app, and it only provides a larger limit, not unlimited memory.
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90% 失败
Using BitmapFactory.decodeResource() without any options loads the full-resolution bitmap, which will still cause OOM for large images.
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85% 失败
Calling System.gc() before loading an image does not guarantee that enough memory will be freed, and the garbage collector may not run immediately.