550 communication auth_error ai_generated partial

550 5.7.1 服务不可用；客户端主机 [x.x.x.x] 被 Spamhaus 阻止

550 5.7.1 Service unavailable; Client host [x.x.x.x] blocked using Spamhaus

ID: communication/smtp-550-spamhaus-blocked

其他格式: JSON · Markdown 中文 · English
78%修复率
86%置信度
1证据数
2023-01-20首次发现

版本兼容性

版本状态引入弃用备注
Postfix 3.8 active — — —
Sendmail 8.17 active — — —
Exim 4.96 active — — —
Spamhaus SBL v2 active — — —

根因分析

发送 IP 地址被列入 Spamhaus 阻止列表（SBL）或漏洞利用阻止列表（XBL），导致接收 MTA 拒绝连接，视为垃圾邮件。

English

The sending IP address is listed in the Spamhaus Block List (SBL) or Exploits Block List (XBL), causing the receiving MTA to reject the connection as spam.

generic

官方文档

https://www.spamhaus.org/faq/section/Spamhaus%20BL%20Queries

解决方案

  1. Check the IP against Spamhaus using: `dig +short x.x.x.x.zen.spamhaus.org`. If listed, visit https://www.spamhaus.org/lookup/ to request delisting after fixing the spam issue (e.g., securing the server from being an open relay).
  2. Route outgoing mail through a trusted SMTP relay or service (e.g., SendGrid, AWS SES) that has a clean IP reputation. Configure Postfix: `relayhost = [smtp.sendgrid.net]:587` with credentials.
  3. If the IP is static, contact the ISP or hosting provider to request a new IP address and update DNS records accordingly.

无效尝试

常见但无效的做法:

  1. Change the sender email domain to a different one 92% 失败

    Changing the sending domain does not affect the IP reputation; the block is based on the IP address, not the domain.

  2. Add SPF and DKIM records to the sending domain 88% 失败

    Adding SPF/DKIM records does not remove the IP from the blocklist; the block is at the IP level and requires delisting.

  3. Restart the SMTP server (Postfix/Sendmail) 95% 失败

    Restarting the MTA does not change the IP's blocklist status; the IP remains listed until delisting is requested.