{
  "id": "data/json-schema-format-uri-referencing",
  "signature": "JSON Schema validation fails: format 'uri' rejects valid URIs with IP addresses or unusual schemes",
  "signature_zh": "JSON Schema 验证失败：format 'uri' 拒绝包含 IP 地址或非常见协议的合法 URI",
  "regex": ".*format.*uri.*reject.*|.*is not a.*uri.*",
  "domain": "data",
  "category": "validation_error",
  "subcategory": null,
  "root_cause": "JSON Schema's built-in 'uri' format validator in some libraries (e.g., Python's jsonschema) uses strict RFC 3986 parsing that may reject valid URIs with IPv6 literals or custom schemes like 'dns://'.",
  "root_cause_type": "generic",
  "root_cause_zh": "某些库（如 Python 的 jsonschema）中 JSON Schema 内置的 'uri' 格式验证器使用严格的 RFC 3986 解析，可能拒绝包含 IPv6 字面量或自定义方案（如 'dns://'）的合法 URI。",
  "versions": [
    {
      "version": "jsonschema 4.17.3",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "version": "ajv 8.12.0",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "version": "json-schema-validator 4.0.1",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    }
  ],
  "os_specific": {},
  "dead_ends": [
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "Completely bypasses URI validation, allowing invalid URIs through and defeating the purpose of schema validation.",
      "fail_rate": 0.6,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "uri-reference is even more permissive and may not catch intended validation issues, plus it's not supported by all validators.",
      "fail_rate": 0.55,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds": [
    {
      "action": "Use a custom format checker with relaxed URI validation: from jsonschema import validators; from rfc3986_validator import validate_rfc3986; def custom_uri(instance): return validate_rfc3986(instance, require_scheme=True, allow_relative=False); validator = validators.validate(..., format_checker=validators.Draft7Validator.FORMAT_CHECKER.replaces('uri', custom_uri))",
      "success_rate": 0.85,
      "how": "Use a custom format checker with relaxed URI validation: from jsonschema import validators; from rfc3986_validator import validate_rfc3986; def custom_uri(instance): return validate_rfc3986(instance, require_scheme=True, allow_relative=False); validator = validators.validate(..., format_checker=validators.Draft7Validator.FORMAT_CHECKER.replaces('uri', custom_uri))",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "Change schema to use pattern validation instead of format: '\"pattern\": \"^[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9+.-]*://.*$\"'. This is more portable across validators.",
      "success_rate": 0.75,
      "how": "Change schema to use pattern validation instead of format: '\"pattern\": \"^[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9+.-]*://.*$\"'. This is more portable across validators.",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds_zh": [
    "Use a custom format checker with relaxed URI validation: from jsonschema import validators; from rfc3986_validator import validate_rfc3986; def custom_uri(instance): return validate_rfc3986(instance, require_scheme=True, allow_relative=False); validator = validators.validate(..., format_checker=validators.Draft7Validator.FORMAT_CHECKER.replaces('uri', custom_uri))",
    "Change schema to use pattern validation instead of format: '\"pattern\": \"^[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9+.-]*://.*$\"'. This is more portable across validators."
  ],
  "transition_graph": {
    "leads_to": [],
    "preceded_by": [],
    "frequently_confused_with": []
  },
  "official_doc_url": "https://json-schema.org/understanding-json-schema/reference/string.html#built-in-formats",
  "official_doc_section": null,
  "error_code": null,
  "verification_tier": "ai_generated",
  "confidence": 0.82,
  "fix_success_rate": 0.8,
  "resolvable": "true",
  "first_seen": "2023-06-20",
  "last_confirmed": "2024-06-01",
  "last_updated": "2024-06-01",
  "evidence_count": 1,
  "tags": [],
  "locale": "en",
  "aliases": []
}