{
  "id": "disaster/avalanche-arcing-arm-over-face",
  "signature": "AI advises arcing an arm over the face during an avalanche to create an air pocket (insufficient for survival and increases limb loss risk)",
  "signature_zh": "AI 建议在雪崩中用一只手臂在面前形成弧形以制造气穴（不足以保命且增加截肢风险）",
  "regex": "(?:arc(?:ing)? an arm|arm arch|arm over face).*avalanche|avalanche.*(?:arc(?:ing)? an arm|arm arch|arm over face)",
  "domain": "disaster",
  "category": "life_threatening",
  "subcategory": null,
  "root_cause": "The single-arm arch technique creates a tiny air pocket that is usually crushed by snow pressure, and the extended limb is highly vulnerable to severe damage or amputation from debris impact and freezing.",
  "root_cause_type": "generic",
  "root_cause_zh": "单臂弧形技术形成的微小气穴通常会被雪压压碎，而且伸展的肢体极易因碎片撞击和冰冻而严重损伤或截肢。",
  "versions": [
    {
      "version": "2024.1",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "version": "2025.0",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    }
  ],
  "os_specific": {},
  "dead_ends": [
    {
      "action": "Trying to keep the arm rigid and high above the head to make a bigger pocket",
      "why_fails": "Snow avalanche debris is dense and heavy; any extended limb is easily snapped or pinned, and the pocket still collapses under pressure.",
      "fail_rate": 0.85,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "Using both arms crossed over the face for a larger air space",
      "why_fails": "Both arms are even more likely to be trapped or broken, and the increased surface area creates more drag, pulling the victim deeper.",
      "fail_rate": 0.9,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "Holding a backpack or gear in front of the face to create a void",
      "why_fails": "The backpack can be torn away or compressed flat, and the extra bulk increases the chance of being swept into trees or rocks.",
      "fail_rate": 0.8,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds": [
    {
      "action": "Covers mouth and nose with one hand while the other grabs a secure anchor (tree, rock) if possible; after the slide stops, immediately create a breathing space by clearing snow with the free hand before it sets.",
      "success_rate": 0.78,
      "how": "Covers mouth and nose with one hand while the other grabs a secure anchor (tree, rock) if possible; after the slide stops, immediately create a breathing space by clearing snow with the free hand before it sets.",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "Use an avalanche airbag pack (e.g., ABS, Mammut) that deploys automatically on trigger; practice deployment before heading into backcountry.",
      "success_rate": 0.88,
      "how": "Use an avalanche airbag pack (e.g., ABS, Mammut) that deploys automatically on trigger; practice deployment before heading into backcountry.",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "Carry and use an avalanche transceiver, probe, and shovel; if buried, stay calm, conserve oxygen, and signal with the transceiver.",
      "success_rate": 0.82,
      "how": "Carry and use an avalanche transceiver, probe, and shovel; if buried, stay calm, conserve oxygen, and signal with the transceiver.",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds_zh": [
    "用一只手捂住口鼻，另一只手尽量抓住稳固的锚点（树木、岩石）；滑动停止后，立即用空出的手清除面前的雪，在雪凝固前制造呼吸空间。",
    "使用雪崩气袋背包（如 ABS、Mammut），可在触发时自动展开；进入偏远地区前练习展开操作。",
    "携带并使用雪崩信标、探杆和铲子；如果被埋，保持冷静，节省氧气，并通过信标发出信号。"
  ],
  "transition_graph": {
    "leads_to": [],
    "preceded_by": [],
    "frequently_confused_with": []
  },
  "official_doc_url": "https://avalanche.org/avalanche-education/",
  "official_doc_section": null,
  "error_code": null,
  "verification_tier": "ai_generated",
  "confidence": 0.84,
  "fix_success_rate": 0.72,
  "resolvable": "partial",
  "first_seen": "2024-02-15",
  "last_confirmed": "2024-06-01",
  "last_updated": "2024-06-01",
  "evidence_count": 1,
  "tags": [],
  "locale": "en",
  "aliases": []
}