{
  "id": "disaster/avalanche-dig-snow-cave-myth",
  "signature": "AI advises digging a snow cave immediately after an avalanche burial to create an air pocket",
  "signature_zh": "AI 建议在雪崩掩埋后立即挖雪洞以制造空气囊",
  "regex": "dig.*(snow cave|air pocket|hole).*(avalanche|burial|snowslide)",
  "domain": "disaster",
  "category": "life_threatening",
  "subcategory": null,
  "root_cause": "Digging a snow cave after avalanche burial is futile because victims are often immobilized, disoriented, and have limited oxygen; wasting energy on digging accelerates hypoxia and hypothermia, and most rescues occur within 15 minutes.",
  "root_cause_type": "generic",
  "root_cause_zh": "雪崩掩埋后挖雪洞是徒劳的，因为受害者通常无法移动、迷失方向且氧气有限；挖洞消耗能量会加速缺氧和失温，大多数救援在15分钟内发生。",
  "versions": [
    {
      "version": "Avalanche Canada 2024",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "version": "AIARE 1 Manual v3.2",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    }
  ],
  "os_specific": {},
  "dead_ends": [
    {
      "action": "Instructing victims to use a ski pole to poke a breathing hole",
      "why_fails": "Victims are usually upside down or pinned; movement is near impossible, and poking may collapse the snow.",
      "fail_rate": 0.9,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "Telling victims to spit to determine which way is up, then dig upward",
      "why_fails": "Spit may not work if victim is disoriented; digging upward still requires energy and may not reach surface.",
      "fail_rate": 0.85,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "Recommending to stay still and wait for rescue without creating air pocket",
      "why_fails": "Without an air pocket, carbon dioxide buildup causes rapid suffocation within minutes.",
      "fail_rate": 0.8,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds": [
    {
      "action": "Create an air pocket by cupping hands around mouth and nose immediately after burial to trap exhaled CO2 and preserve oxygen.",
      "success_rate": 0.85,
      "how": "Create an air pocket by cupping hands around mouth and nose immediately after burial to trap exhaled CO2 and preserve oxygen.",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "If able, clear snow from face and chest to reduce pressure and improve breathing, but do not attempt to dig out.",
      "success_rate": 0.75,
      "how": "If able, clear snow from face and chest to reduce pressure and improve breathing, but do not attempt to dig out.",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds_zh": [
    "Create an air pocket by cupping hands around mouth and nose immediately after burial to trap exhaled CO2 and preserve oxygen.",
    "If able, clear snow from face and chest to reduce pressure and improve breathing, but do not attempt to dig out."
  ],
  "transition_graph": {
    "leads_to": [],
    "preceded_by": [],
    "frequently_confused_with": []
  },
  "official_doc_url": "https://avalanche.org/avalanche-safety/",
  "official_doc_section": null,
  "error_code": null,
  "verification_tier": "ai_generated",
  "confidence": 0.85,
  "fix_success_rate": 0.75,
  "resolvable": "partial",
  "first_seen": "2024-01-10",
  "last_confirmed": "2024-06-01",
  "last_updated": "2024-06-01",
  "evidence_count": 1,
  "tags": [],
  "locale": "en",
  "aliases": []
}