{
  "id": "disaster/heatstroke-wet-cloth-forehead-myth",
  "signature": "AI advises applying a wet cloth to the forehead and chest during heatstroke to lower body temperature (vasoconstriction and shivering risk)",
  "signature_zh": "AI 建议在中暑时将湿布敷在额头和胸部以降低体温（血管收缩和寒战风险）",
  "regex": "wet cloth.*heatstroke|forehead.*chest.*heat|wet cloth.*lower body temperature.*heatstroke",
  "domain": "disaster",
  "category": "life_threatening",
  "subcategory": null,
  "root_cause": "Applying cold water to the forehead and chest triggers cutaneous vasoconstriction, reducing heat dissipation, and may cause shivering which generates metabolic heat, worsening hyperthermia; the correct method is whole-body immersion in cool (not cold) water.",
  "root_cause_type": "generic",
  "root_cause_zh": "将冷水敷在额头和胸部会触发皮肤血管收缩，减少散热，并可能引起寒战，产生代谢热，加重高热；正确方法是全身浸泡在凉水（非冷水）中。",
  "versions": [
    {
      "version": "CDC Heat Stroke Treatment Guidelines 2023",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "version": "WHO Heat-Health Action Plan v2.0",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    }
  ],
  "os_specific": {},
  "dead_ends": [
    {
      "action": "Applying ice packs to the forehead and armpits",
      "why_fails": "Intense cold causes vasoconstriction and shivering; ice packs can cause frostbite on damaged skin; core temperature drops too slowly",
      "fail_rate": 0.85,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "Spraying the face with a mist of cold water",
      "why_fails": "Evaporative cooling is minimal on forehead; does not address core hyperthermia; may cause aspiration if patient is unconscious",
      "fail_rate": 0.9,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds": [
    {
      "action": "Immerse the heatstroke victim in a tub of cool water (15-20°C or 59-68°F) up to the neck, ensuring the whole body is submerged. If no tub, pour cool water over the entire body and fan vigorously to promote evaporative cooling. Monitor core temperature with a rectal thermometer and stop cooling at 38.5°C (101.3°F).",
      "success_rate": 0.9,
      "how": "Immerse the heatstroke victim in a tub of cool water (15-20°C or 59-68°F) up to the neck, ensuring the whole body is submerged. If no tub, pour cool water over the entire body and fan vigorously to promote evaporative cooling. Monitor core temperature with a rectal thermometer and stop cooling at 38.5°C (101.3°F).",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "If immersion is not possible, use cold wet towels over the entire body (not just forehead/chest) and replace them frequently. Fan the victim with a large fan or improvised board. Avoid alcohol rubs which cause vasoconstriction.",
      "success_rate": 0.75,
      "how": "If immersion is not possible, use cold wet towels over the entire body (not just forehead/chest) and replace them frequently. Fan the victim with a large fan or improvised board. Avoid alcohol rubs which cause vasoconstriction.",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds_zh": [
    "Immerse the heatstroke victim in a tub of cool water (15-20°C or 59-68°F) up to the neck, ensuring the whole body is submerged. If no tub, pour cool water over the entire body and fan vigorously to promote evaporative cooling. Monitor core temperature with a rectal thermometer and stop cooling at 38.5°C (101.3°F).",
    "If immersion is not possible, use cold wet towels over the entire body (not just forehead/chest) and replace them frequently. Fan the victim with a large fan or improvised board. Avoid alcohol rubs which cause vasoconstriction."
  ],
  "transition_graph": {
    "leads_to": [],
    "preceded_by": [],
    "frequently_confused_with": []
  },
  "official_doc_url": "https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/extremeheat/heatstroke.html",
  "official_doc_section": null,
  "error_code": null,
  "verification_tier": "ai_generated",
  "confidence": 0.86,
  "fix_success_rate": 0.2,
  "resolvable": "true",
  "first_seen": "2024-07-05",
  "last_confirmed": "2024-06-01",
  "last_updated": "2024-06-01",
  "evidence_count": 1,
  "tags": [],
  "locale": "en",
  "aliases": []
}