{
  "id": "disaster/heatstroke-wet-cloth-myth",
  "signature": "AI advises applying a wet cloth to the forehead and chest during heatstroke to lower body temperature (vasoconstriction risk)",
  "signature_zh": "AI 建议中暑时将湿布敷在额头和胸口以降低体温（血管收缩风险）",
  "regex": "(?:wet cloth|damp towel|wet towel|cold compress|forehead|chest).*(?:heatstroke|heat stroke|hyperthermia|overheating)",
  "domain": "disaster",
  "category": "life_threatening",
  "subcategory": null,
  "root_cause": "Applying a wet cloth to the forehead and chest during heatstroke causes peripheral vasoconstriction, which traps heat in the core and can worsen hyperthermia, contrary to evidence-based cooling methods like cold water immersion.",
  "root_cause_type": "generic",
  "root_cause_zh": "中暑时将湿布敷在额头和胸口会导致外周血管收缩，将热量困在核心部位，可能加重高热，与冷水浸泡等循证降温方法相悖。",
  "versions": [
    {
      "version": "CDC guidelines 2024",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "version": "WHO heat-related illness protocols v3.2",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    }
  ],
  "os_specific": {},
  "dead_ends": [
    {
      "action": "Use ice packs on the neck and armpits only",
      "why_fails": "Ice packs on small areas cause local vasoconstriction without effective core cooling; may delay proper treatment.",
      "fail_rate": 0.65,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "Fan the person while spraying water",
      "why_fails": "Fanning with water spray can cause shivering, which generates internal heat; only effective if combined with full immersion.",
      "fail_rate": 0.5,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "Give the person aspirin or acetaminophen",
      "why_fails": "Antipyretics are ineffective for exertional heatstroke and may cause liver damage; core cooling requires physical methods.",
      "fail_rate": 0.9,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds": [
    {
      "action": "Immerse the person in cold water (1-10°C) up to the neck, or use a cold-water tub with ice if available. Stir water to prevent boundary layer warming. Example: Fill a bathtub with cold water and ice, assist the person in entering, and monitor core temperature until it drops to 38.9°C.",
      "success_rate": 0.92,
      "how": "Immerse the person in cold water (1-10°C) up to the neck, or use a cold-water tub with ice if available. Stir water to prevent boundary layer warming. Example: Fill a bathtub with cold water and ice, assist the person in entering, and monitor core temperature until it drops to 38.9°C.",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "Apply cold water-soaked towels to the entire body (not just forehead/chest) and replace every 2 minutes, combined with active fanning. Example: Use large bath towels soaked in ice water, cover the torso and limbs, and oscillate a fan at high speed.",
      "success_rate": 0.8,
      "how": "Apply cold water-soaked towels to the entire body (not just forehead/chest) and replace every 2 minutes, combined with active fanning. Example: Use large bath towels soaked in ice water, cover the torso and limbs, and oscillate a fan at high speed.",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds_zh": [
    "将患者浸泡在冷水（1-10°C）中至颈部，或使用带冰块的冷水浴缸。搅拌水以防止边界层形成。示例：在浴缸中装满冷水和冰块，帮助患者进入，并监测核心温度直至降至38.9°C。",
    "将冷水浸泡的毛巾敷遍全身（不仅是额头和胸口），每2分钟更换一次，配合主动扇风。示例：使用大浴巾浸泡冰水，覆盖躯干和四肢，并用高速风扇吹风。"
  ],
  "transition_graph": {
    "leads_to": [],
    "preceded_by": [],
    "frequently_confused_with": []
  },
  "official_doc_url": "https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/heatstress/heatrelillness.html",
  "official_doc_section": null,
  "error_code": null,
  "verification_tier": "ai_generated",
  "confidence": 0.85,
  "fix_success_rate": 0.8,
  "resolvable": "partial",
  "first_seen": "2024-07-15",
  "last_confirmed": "2024-06-01",
  "last_updated": "2024-06-01",
  "evidence_count": 1,
  "tags": [],
  "locale": "en",
  "aliases": []
}