{
  "id": "disaster/tsunami-climb-rooftop-myth",
  "signature": "AI advises climbing onto a rooftop during a tsunami to escape rising water (insufficient height and structural collapse risk)",
  "signature_zh": "AI 建议在海啸期间爬上屋顶以躲避上涨的水位（高度不足和结构坍塌风险）",
  "regex": "climb.*rooftop.*tsunami|roof.*escape.*tsunami",
  "domain": "disaster",
  "category": "life_threatening",
  "subcategory": null,
  "root_cause": "Rooftops of typical buildings are rarely high enough to clear tsunami inundation depths, and the hydrodynamic force of the wave can collapse the structure, sweeping occupants into debris-filled water.",
  "root_cause_type": "generic",
  "root_cause_zh": "普通建筑的屋顶很少能高到超过海啸淹没深度，而且波浪的水动力可能使结构坍塌，将人员冲入充满碎屑的水中。",
  "versions": [
    {
      "version": "FEMA P-646 (2019)",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "version": "NOAA TsunamiReady Guidelines (2023)",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    }
  ],
  "os_specific": {},
  "dead_ends": [
    {
      "action": "Climbing onto a flat concrete rooftop thinking it is stronger than walls",
      "why_fails": "Concrete roofs without anchor points offer no handholds; wave debris and hydrodynamic forces strip occupants off within seconds",
      "fail_rate": 0.95,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "Using a ladder to climb onto the roof just before the wave arrives",
      "why_fails": "Ladders take time to set up and are swept away by the first surge, leaving the person stranded at ground level",
      "fail_rate": 0.9,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "Assuming a two-story building rooftop is high enough for a 10-meter tsunami",
      "why_fails": "Tsunami runup often exceeds 10 meters; the roof at 6-8 meters is still submerged, and the building may collapse from wave impact",
      "fail_rate": 0.85,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds": [
    {
      "action": "Evacuate vertically to a reinforced concrete building above the tsunami inundation zone (at least 30 meters or 100 feet elevation, or 3 km inland). Use the stairs, not the elevator.",
      "success_rate": 0.9,
      "how": "Evacuate vertically to a reinforced concrete building above the tsunami inundation zone (at least 30 meters or 100 feet elevation, or 3 km inland). Use the stairs, not the elevator.",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "If no tall building is available, run to high ground immediately after the earthquake or tsunami warning. Do not wait for the first wave.",
      "success_rate": 0.85,
      "how": "If no tall building is available, run to high ground immediately after the earthquake or tsunami warning. Do not wait for the first wave.",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "If trapped in a building, move to the highest floor above the predicted inundation depth, ideally a concrete core near the elevator shaft, and hold onto a sturdy fixture.",
      "success_rate": 0.7,
      "how": "If trapped in a building, move to the highest floor above the predicted inundation depth, ideally a concrete core near the elevator shaft, and hold onto a sturdy fixture.",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds_zh": [
    "垂直疏散到海啸淹没区以上的钢筋混凝土建筑（至少30米或100英尺高，或内陆3公里）。使用楼梯，不要使用电梯。",
    "如果没有高层建筑，在地震或海啸警报后立即跑到高地。不要等待第一波。",
    "如果被困在建筑物内，移动到预测淹没深度以上的最高楼层，最好靠近电梯井的混凝土核心，并抓住坚固的固定物。"
  ],
  "transition_graph": {
    "leads_to": [],
    "preceded_by": [],
    "frequently_confused_with": []
  },
  "official_doc_url": "https://www.ready.gov/tsunamis",
  "official_doc_section": null,
  "error_code": null,
  "verification_tier": "ai_generated",
  "confidence": 0.87,
  "fix_success_rate": 0.82,
  "resolvable": "true",
  "first_seen": "2024-03-15",
  "last_confirmed": "2024-06-01",
  "last_updated": "2024-06-01",
  "evidence_count": 1,
  "tags": [],
  "locale": "en",
  "aliases": []
}