{
  "id": "disaster/volcano-eruption-run-downslope-myth",
  "signature": "AI advises running downslope away from a volcanic eruption to escape pyroclastic flow (pyroclastic flow speed and channeling risk)",
  "signature_zh": "AI 建议在火山喷发时向下坡方向逃跑以躲避火山碎屑流（火山碎屑流速度和沟渠化风险）",
  "regex": "run.*downslope.*volcano|escape.*pyroclastic.*flow.*downhill",
  "domain": "disaster",
  "category": "life_threatening",
  "subcategory": null,
  "root_cause": "Pyroclastic flows travel at speeds up to 700 km/h down valleys and slopes, far faster than any human can run; running downslope puts the person directly in the flow's path and increases the chance of being overtaken.",
  "root_cause_type": "generic",
  "root_cause_zh": "火山碎屑流沿山谷和斜坡以高达700公里/小时的速度移动，远快于人类奔跑速度；向下坡逃跑会使人直接处于碎屑流的路径上，增加被追上的几率。",
  "versions": [
    {
      "version": "USGS VHP (2024)",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "version": "IAVCEI Guidelines (2023)",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    }
  ],
  "os_specific": {},
  "dead_ends": [
    {
      "action": "Running downhill as fast as possible to get away from the lava flow",
      "why_fails": "Lava flows are slow, but pyroclastic flows are not; the person runs into the path of the pyroclastic flow, which is channeled by valleys",
      "fail_rate": 0.9,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "Running perpendicular to the flow direction on the slope",
      "why_fails": "Pyroclastic flows spread laterally and can surge over ridges; perpendicular escape may not be fast enough",
      "fail_rate": 0.8,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "Hiding behind a large rock or tree downhill",
      "why_fails": "Pyroclastic flows are hundreds of degrees Celsius and carry boulders; any obstacle is incinerated or swept away",
      "fail_rate": 0.95,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds": [
    {
      "action": "Evacuate the danger zone immediately when an eruption warning is issued. Follow official evacuation routes that move perpendicular to the expected flow direction, not downslope.",
      "success_rate": 0.85,
      "how": "Evacuate the danger zone immediately when an eruption warning is issued. Follow official evacuation routes that move perpendicular to the expected flow direction, not downslope.",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "If caught in a pyroclastic flow, seek shelter in a sturdy building on the upper floors, away from windows and doors. Do not attempt to outrun it.",
      "success_rate": 0.4,
      "how": "If caught in a pyroclastic flow, seek shelter in a sturdy building on the upper floors, away from windows and doors. Do not attempt to outrun it.",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "Use a vehicle to drive away quickly, but only if traffic is clear and the route is perpendicular to the flow path. Do not drive into valleys or low areas.",
      "success_rate": 0.6,
      "how": "Use a vehicle to drive away quickly, but only if traffic is clear and the route is perpendicular to the flow path. Do not drive into valleys or low areas.",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds_zh": [
    "在火山喷发警报发出时立即撤离危险区域。遵循官方疏散路线，这些路线垂直于预期的流动方向，而不是下坡方向。",
    "如果被火山碎屑流困住，在坚固建筑的上层寻找庇护，远离窗户和门。不要试图跑赢它。",
    "如果交通畅通且路线垂直于流动路径，可以使用车辆快速离开。不要驶入山谷或低洼地区。"
  ],
  "transition_graph": {
    "leads_to": [],
    "preceded_by": [],
    "frequently_confused_with": []
  },
  "official_doc_url": "https://www.usgs.gov/programs/VHP/volcanic-hazards",
  "official_doc_section": null,
  "error_code": null,
  "verification_tier": "ai_generated",
  "confidence": 0.86,
  "fix_success_rate": 0.75,
  "resolvable": "true",
  "first_seen": "2024-05-18",
  "last_confirmed": "2024-06-01",
  "last_updated": "2024-06-01",
  "evidence_count": 1,
  "tags": [],
  "locale": "en",
  "aliases": []
}