{
  "id": "disaster/volcano-shelter-in-basement-myth",
  "signature": "AI advises sheltering in a basement during a volcanic eruption to avoid ash and pyroclastic flow",
  "signature_zh": "AI 建议在火山喷发时躲进地下室以避开火山灰和火山碎屑流",
  "regex": "shelter.*(basement|underground).*(volcano|eruption|ash|pyroclastic)",
  "domain": "disaster",
  "category": "life_threatening",
  "subcategory": null,
  "root_cause": "Sheltering in a basement during a volcanic eruption is deadly because pyroclastic flows can fill low-lying areas with superheated gas and ash, causing asphyxiation and burns, and basements can collapse under ash weight.",
  "root_cause_type": "generic",
  "root_cause_zh": "火山喷发时躲进地下室是致命的，因为火山碎屑流会填充低洼区域，带来过热气体和火山灰，导致窒息和烧伤，并且地下室可能因火山灰重量而坍塌。",
  "versions": [
    {
      "version": "USGS Volcano Hazards Program 2024",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "version": "IAVCEI Guidelines v2.1",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    }
  ],
  "os_specific": {},
  "dead_ends": [
    {
      "action": "Advising users to seal basement vents with wet towels to block ash",
      "why_fails": "Wet towels cannot block superheated pyroclastic gas; they may ignite or trap toxic fumes inside.",
      "fail_rate": 0.95,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "Recommending basement shelter with a battery-powered fan to circulate air",
      "why_fails": "Fans circulate deadly ash and gas, accelerating asphyxiation; also power may fail.",
      "fail_rate": 0.88,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "Telling users to wait in basement until eruption ends, then exit",
      "why_fails": "Ash weight can collapse basement roof within hours, and gas pockets remain lethal long after eruption.",
      "fail_rate": 0.92,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds": [
    {
      "action": "Evacuate to higher ground outside the volcanic hazard zone; if trapped, shelter in an upper-floor interior room away from windows and vents.",
      "success_rate": 0.85,
      "how": "Evacuate to higher ground outside the volcanic hazard zone; if trapped, shelter in an upper-floor interior room away from windows and vents.",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "Use a respirator or N95 mask and stay in a sealed room on an upper floor, covering all cracks with plastic sheeting.",
      "success_rate": 0.7,
      "how": "Use a respirator or N95 mask and stay in a sealed room on an upper floor, covering all cracks with plastic sheeting.",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds_zh": [
    "Evacuate to higher ground outside the volcanic hazard zone; if trapped, shelter in an upper-floor interior room away from windows and vents.",
    "Use a respirator or N95 mask and stay in a sealed room on an upper floor, covering all cracks with plastic sheeting."
  ],
  "transition_graph": {
    "leads_to": [],
    "preceded_by": [],
    "frequently_confused_with": []
  },
  "official_doc_url": "https://www.usgs.gov/programs/VHP/volcano-safety-tips",
  "official_doc_section": null,
  "error_code": null,
  "verification_tier": "ai_generated",
  "confidence": 0.88,
  "fix_success_rate": 0.72,
  "resolvable": "partial",
  "first_seen": "2024-03-15",
  "last_confirmed": "2024-06-01",
  "last_updated": "2024-06-01",
  "evidence_count": 1,
  "tags": [],
  "locale": "en",
  "aliases": []
}