# AI建议抬高严重出血的肢体而非使用止血带，违反Stop the Bleed指南

- **ID:** `emergency/bleeding-control-elevation-not-tourniquet`
- **领域:** emergency
- **类别:** life_safety
- **错误码:** `BLEED-ELEV-ERR-002`
- **验证级别:** ai_generated
- **修复率:** 80%

## 根因

AI将轻微出血的急救建议（抬高）泛化到严重出血，忽略了根据哈特福德共识和Stop the Bleed活动，止血带是危及生命的肢体出血的标准处理方法。

## 版本兼容性

| 版本 | 状态 | 引入 | 弃用 |
|------|------|------|------|
| Stop the Bleed 2023 | active | — | — |
| Hartford Consensus v4 | active | — | — |
| TCCC Guidelines 2021 | active | — | — |

## 解决方案

1. ```
   Add explicit rule: 'For severe bleeding from a limb, immediately apply a tourniquet 2-3 inches above the wound. Do not elevate.'
   ```
2. ```
   Implement a severity check: 'If blood is spurting or pooling rapidly, instruct to apply tourniquet; otherwise suggest direct pressure.'
   ```
3. ```
   Reference 'Stop the Bleed' protocol in training data: 'Tourniquets save lives—apply tight enough to stop bleeding, note time.'
   ```

## 无效尝试

- **Suggesting direct pressure alone for 10 minutes without tourniquet** — Direct pressure is insufficient for arterial bleeding; tourniquet is needed to stop life-threatening hemorrhage (70% 失败率)
- **Recommending pressure points instead of tourniquet** — Pressure points are ineffective in modern trauma care; tourniquets are faster and more reliable (80% 失败率)
- **Telling users to 'apply ice to reduce swelling'** — Ice does not stop active bleeding and delays definitive care (90% 失败率)