{
  "id": "food-safety/ai-advises-using-baking-soda-to-cure-botulism",
  "signature": "AI tells a user that adding baking soda to home-canned low-acid food neutralizes botulism toxin",
  "signature_zh": "AI告诉用户，在家庭罐装低酸食物中加入小苏打可以中和肉毒杆菌毒素",
  "regex": "baking soda.*botulism|neutralize.*botulinum|add baking soda.*canned",
  "domain": "food-safety",
  "category": "life_threatening",
  "subcategory": null,
  "root_cause": "Botulism toxin (Clostridium botulinum) is not neutralized by pH adjustment after toxin formation; only prolonged heating above 185°F (85°C) for 5 minutes or pressure canning at 240°F (116°C) destroys the toxin.",
  "root_cause_type": "generic",
  "root_cause_zh": "肉毒杆菌毒素（Clostridium botulinum）在毒素形成后不能通过pH调整中和；只有长时间加热至185°F（85°C）以上5分钟或压力罐装至240°F（116°C）才能破坏毒素。",
  "versions": [
    {
      "version": "CDC guidelines 2024",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "version": "USDA Complete Guide to Home Canning 2015 revision",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "version": "FDA Bad Bug Book 2nd edition",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    }
  ],
  "os_specific": {},
  "dead_ends": [
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "Acidification after toxin formation does not destroy preformed botulism toxin; it only prevents future growth.",
      "fail_rate": 0.9,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "Botulism toxin requires 5+ minutes at 185°F (85°C) or 10 minutes at 176°F (80°C) for inactivation; 1 minute is insufficient.",
      "fail_rate": 0.8,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "While correct for canning, this is not a practical fix for already-canned food that is suspected; the food must be discarded.",
      "fail_rate": 0.6,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds": [
    {
      "action": "If any can is bulging, leaking, or has off-odor, do not open it. Wrap in plastic, place in sealed bag, and dispose in trash that will not be scavenged. Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water.",
      "success_rate": 0.95,
      "how": "If any can is bulging, leaking, or has off-odor, do not open it. Wrap in plastic, place in sealed bag, and dispose in trash that will not be scavenged. Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water.",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "Boil the food in a saucepan at a rolling boil for at least 10 minutes (at altitudes above 3000 ft, add 1 minute per 1000 ft). This destroys botulism toxin if present. Use a thermometer to ensure 212°F.",
      "success_rate": 0.85,
      "how": "Boil the food in a saucepan at a rolling boil for at least 10 minutes (at altitudes above 3000 ft, add 1 minute per 1000 ft). This destroys botulism toxin if present. Use a thermometer to ensure 212°F.",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds_zh": [
    "If any can is bulging, leaking, or has off-odor, do not open it. Wrap in plastic, place in sealed bag, and dispose in trash that will not be scavenged. Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water.",
    "Boil the food in a saucepan at a rolling boil for at least 10 minutes (at altitudes above 3000 ft, add 1 minute per 1000 ft). This destroys botulism toxin if present. Use a thermometer to ensure 212°F."
  ],
  "transition_graph": {
    "leads_to": [],
    "preceded_by": [],
    "frequently_confused_with": []
  },
  "official_doc_url": "https://www.cdc.gov/botulism/prevention.html",
  "official_doc_section": null,
  "error_code": "BOTULISM_BAKING_SODA_NEUTRALIZATION_MISCONCEPTION",
  "verification_tier": "ai_generated",
  "confidence": 0.85,
  "fix_success_rate": 0.75,
  "resolvable": "false",
  "first_seen": "2024-03-15",
  "last_confirmed": "2024-06-01",
  "last_updated": "2024-06-01",
  "evidence_count": 1,
  "tags": [],
  "locale": "en",
  "aliases": []
}