{
  "id": "food-safety/canned-food-botulism-dent-seam",
  "signature": "AI tells a user that a can with a dent on the side seam is safe to eat if the dent is small and the can is not bulging",
  "signature_zh": "AI告诉用户，侧缝上有凹痕的罐头如果凹痕很小且罐头没有膨胀，就可以安全食用",
  "regex": "can.*(dent|dented).*(seam|side|safe|eat)",
  "domain": "food-safety",
  "category": "health_risk",
  "subcategory": null,
  "root_cause": "Dents on the side seam of a metal can can create microscopic openings that allow Clostridium botulinum spores to enter and produce deadly toxin; the can may not bulge until toxin has already formed, and bulging is a late sign of spoilage.",
  "root_cause_type": "generic",
  "root_cause_zh": "金属罐侧缝上的凹痕可能造成微小的开口，使肉毒杆菌孢子进入并产生致命毒素；在毒素形成之前，罐头可能不会膨胀，而膨胀是变质的晚期信号。",
  "versions": [
    {
      "version": "USDA Canning Guide 2023",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "version": "FDA BAM Chapter 17: Clostridium botulinum",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "version": "CDC Botulism Prevention 2022",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    }
  ],
  "os_specific": {},
  "dead_ends": [
    {
      "action": "Boil the contents for 10 minutes to kill any botulinum toxin",
      "why_fails": "Botulinum toxin is denatured at 185°F for 5 minutes, but spores survive; boiling does not destroy spores, and the food may still cause illness if spores germinate after opening",
      "fail_rate": 0.99,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "Inspect the can for bulging before opening; if no bulge, it's safe",
      "why_fails": "Toxin can be present without bulging; bulging is caused by gas from bacterial growth, which may not occur if only spores entered",
      "fail_rate": 0.8,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds": [
    {
      "action": "Discard any can with a dent on the side seam, regardless of size. Do not taste the food. Wrap the can in a plastic bag and dispose in a sealed trash container. Example: `If dented on seam → do not open → discard immediately`",
      "success_rate": 1.0,
      "how": "Discard any can with a dent on the side seam, regardless of size. Do not taste the food. Wrap the can in a plastic bag and dispose in a sealed trash container. Example: `If dented on seam → do not open → discard immediately`",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "If the can has a dent on the top or bottom rim (not the side seam), it may be safe, but boil the contents for 10 minutes before consuming to denature any potential toxin",
      "success_rate": 0.95,
      "how": "If the can has a dent on the top or bottom rim (not the side seam), it may be safe, but boil the contents for 10 minutes before consuming to denature any potential toxin",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds_zh": [
    "Discard any can with a dent on the side seam, regardless of size. Do not taste the food. Wrap the can in a plastic bag and dispose in a sealed trash container. Example: `If dented on seam → do not open → discard immediately`",
    "If the can has a dent on the top or bottom rim (not the side seam), it may be safe, but boil the contents for 10 minutes before consuming to denature any potential toxin"
  ],
  "transition_graph": {
    "leads_to": [],
    "preceded_by": [],
    "frequently_confused_with": []
  },
  "official_doc_url": "https://www.cdc.gov/botulism/prevention.html",
  "official_doc_section": null,
  "error_code": "BOT-003",
  "verification_tier": "ai_generated",
  "confidence": 0.9,
  "fix_success_rate": 0.9,
  "resolvable": "true",
  "first_seen": "2023-11-20",
  "last_confirmed": "2024-06-01",
  "last_updated": "2024-06-01",
  "evidence_count": 1,
  "tags": [],
  "locale": "en",
  "aliases": []
}