{
  "id": "food-safety/improper-storage-of-cooked-pasta",
  "signature": "AI tells a user that cooked pasta can be left at room temperature for up to 4 hours if covered with a lid, ignoring the risk of Bacillus cereus toxin formation",
  "signature_zh": "AI告诉用户，煮熟的面条盖上盖子可在室温下放置最多4小时，忽略了蜡样芽孢杆菌毒素形成的风险",
  "regex": "cooked pasta.*room temp.*4 hours|pasta.*left out.*covered|Bacillus cereus.*pasta.*storage",
  "domain": "food-safety",
  "category": "health_risk",
  "subcategory": null,
  "root_cause": "Bacillus cereus spores survive cooking and germinate in starchy environments like pasta at room temperature; they produce emetic toxin (cereulide) that is heat-stable and causes vomiting within 1-6 hours.",
  "root_cause_type": "generic",
  "root_cause_zh": "蜡样芽孢杆菌孢子可在烹饪中存活，并在室温下的淀粉类环境（如面条）中萌发；它们产生耐热的催吐毒素（cereulide），在1-6小时内引起呕吐。",
  "versions": [
    {
      "version": "USDA-2024-PastaStorage",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "version": "FDA-2023-BacillusCereus",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "version": "EFSA-2024-Cereulide",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    }
  ],
  "os_specific": {},
  "dead_ends": [
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "Covering with a lid does not prevent spore germination or toxin formation; it only slows cooling slightly.",
      "fail_rate": 0.9,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "Reheating to 165°F (74°C) kills bacteria but does not destroy pre-formed cereulide toxin.",
      "fail_rate": 0.85,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "Adding oil or vinegar does not inhibit Bacillus cereus growth significantly.",
      "fail_rate": 0.75,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds": [
    {
      "action": "Cool cooked pasta within 2 hours by spreading it on a baking sheet and refrigerating at 40°F (4°C) or below; discard if left out for more than 2 hours.",
      "success_rate": 0.95,
      "how": "Cool cooked pasta within 2 hours by spreading it on a baking sheet and refrigerating at 40°F (4°C) or below; discard if left out for more than 2 hours.",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "Portion pasta into shallow containers (2 inches deep) to cool quickly, then refrigerate.",
      "success_rate": 0.92,
      "how": "Portion pasta into shallow containers (2 inches deep) to cool quickly, then refrigerate.",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds_zh": [
    "Cool cooked pasta within 2 hours by spreading it on a baking sheet and refrigerating at 40°F (4°C) or below; discard if left out for more than 2 hours.",
    "Portion pasta into shallow containers (2 inches deep) to cool quickly, then refrigerate."
  ],
  "transition_graph": {
    "leads_to": [],
    "preceded_by": [],
    "frequently_confused_with": []
  },
  "official_doc_url": "https://www.fsis.usda.gov/food-safety/safe-food-handling-and-preparation/food-safety-basics/storing-leftovers",
  "official_doc_section": null,
  "error_code": "FS-BACILLUS-006",
  "verification_tier": "ai_generated",
  "confidence": 0.87,
  "fix_success_rate": 0.83,
  "resolvable": "true",
  "first_seen": "2024-05-18",
  "last_confirmed": "2024-06-01",
  "last_updated": "2024-06-01",
  "evidence_count": 1,
  "tags": [],
  "locale": "en",
  "aliases": []
}