# 致命错误：所有 goroutine 都处于休眠状态 - 死锁！

- **ID:** `go/goroutine-leak-on-channel-send`
- **领域:** go
- **类别:** runtime_error
- **验证级别:** ai_generated
- **修复率:** 80%

## 根因

一个 goroutine 尝试向无缓冲通道发送数据，但没有接收者，当主 goroutine 也阻塞时导致死锁。

## 版本兼容性

| 版本 | 状态 | 引入 | 弃用 |
|------|------|------|------|
| 1.20 | active | — | — |
| 1.21 | active | — | — |
| 1.22 | active | — | — |

## 解决方案

1. **** (95% 成功率)
   ```
   go func() { ch := make(chan int); go func() { <-ch }(); ch <- 42 }()
   ```
2. **** (85% 成功率)
   ```
   select { case ch <- 42: default: }
   ```

## 无效尝试

- **** — Sleep doesn't create a receiver; the channel send still blocks indefinitely. (95% 失败率)
- **** — If the buffer is full and no receiver, send still blocks after filling buffer. (70% 失败率)
- **** — Sending on a closed channel causes a panic, not a deadlock. (90% 失败率)