{
  "id": "go/grpc-failed-to-parse-address",
  "signature": "panic: failed to parse target \"localhost:50051\": parse error: scheme is missing",
  "signature_zh": "panic：解析目标 \"localhost:50051\" 失败：解析错误：缺少 scheme",
  "regex": "panic:\\ failed\\ to\\ parse\\ target\\ \"localhost:50051\":\\ parse\\ error:\\ scheme\\ is\\ missing",
  "domain": "go",
  "category": "config_error",
  "subcategory": null,
  "root_cause": "grpc.NewClient requires a scheme prefix (e.g., dns:///, passthrough:///) in newer gRPC versions; bare host:port is rejected.",
  "root_cause_type": "generic",
  "root_cause_zh": "较新版本的 gRPC 中 grpc.NewClient 要求目标带 scheme 前缀（如 dns:///、passthrough:///）；裸 host:port 会被拒绝。",
  "versions": [
    {
      "version": "google.golang.org/grpc 1.63+",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    }
  ],
  "os_specific": {},
  "dead_ends": [
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "grpc.Dial is deprecated but still works; however it hides the migration and will be removed.",
      "fail_rate": 0.6,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "gRPC does not understand http://; it expects a gRPC resolver scheme.",
      "fail_rate": 0.85,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds": [
    {
      "action": "",
      "success_rate": 0.95,
      "how": "Use a valid scheme:\nconn, err := grpc.NewClient(\"dns:///localhost:50051\", grpc.WithTransportCredentials(insecure.NewCredentials()))\n// or for a literal address:\nconn, err := grpc.NewClient(\"passthrough:///localhost:50051\", ...)",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "success_rate": 0.85,
      "how": "Register a custom resolver if you need a non-DNS scheme:\nresolver.Register(&myResolverBuilder{})",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds_zh": [],
  "transition_graph": {
    "leads_to": [],
    "preceded_by": [],
    "frequently_confused_with": []
  },
  "official_doc_url": null,
  "official_doc_section": null,
  "error_code": null,
  "verification_tier": "ai_generated",
  "confidence": 0.89,
  "fix_success_rate": 0.8,
  "resolvable": "true",
  "first_seen": "2024-09-15",
  "last_confirmed": "2025-01-01",
  "last_updated": "2025-01-01",
  "evidence_count": 0,
  "tags": [],
  "locale": "en",
  "aliases": []
}