{
  "id": "grpc/grpc-max-pings-without-data",
  "signature": "UNAVAILABLE: grpc: received goaway from server due to max_pings_without_data",
  "signature_zh": "UNAVAILABLE: grpc: 服务器因 max_pings_without_data 发送了 GOAWAY",
  "regex": "UNAVAILABLE: grpc: received goaway from server due to max_pings_without_data",
  "domain": "grpc",
  "category": "protocol_error",
  "subcategory": null,
  "root_cause": "The server sent a GOAWAY frame because the client sent too many keepalive pings without any data flow.",
  "root_cause_type": "generic",
  "root_cause_zh": "服务器发送了 GOAWAY 帧，因为客户端在没有数据流的情况下发送了过多保活 ping。",
  "versions": [
    {
      "version": "gRPC v1.38.0",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "version": "gRPC v1.49.0",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "version": "gRPC v1.58.0",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    }
  ],
  "os_specific": {},
  "dead_ends": [
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "This may lead to undetected dead connections, causing other errors like 'stream removed'.",
      "fail_rate": 0.6,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "This can lead to resource exhaustion on the server if many clients ping aggressively.",
      "fail_rate": 0.5,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "The client will keep sending pings and get GOAWAY repeatedly, causing constant disconnections.",
      "fail_rate": 0.85,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds": [
    {
      "action": "Adjust client keepalive settings: reduce grpc.keepalive_time_ms to a higher value (e.g., 300000 ms) and increase grpc.keepalive_timeout_ms. Example in C++: channel_args.SetInt(GRPC_ARG_KEEPALIVE_TIME_MS, 300000);",
      "success_rate": 0.8,
      "how": "Adjust client keepalive settings: reduce grpc.keepalive_time_ms to a higher value (e.g., 300000 ms) and increase grpc.keepalive_timeout_ms. Example in C++: channel_args.SetInt(GRPC_ARG_KEEPALIVE_TIME_MS, 300000);",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "On the server, set the maximum allowed pings without data using environment variable GRPC_ARG_HTTP2_MAX_PINGS_WITHOUT_DATA (e.g., 0 to disable the limit) or via channel args.",
      "success_rate": 0.75,
      "how": "On the server, set the maximum allowed pings without data using environment variable GRPC_ARG_HTTP2_MAX_PINGS_WITHOUT_DATA (e.g., 0 to disable the limit) or via channel args.",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "Ensure client sends data frames periodically (e.g., by sending health check RPCs) to avoid triggering the ping-only limit.",
      "success_rate": 0.7,
      "how": "Ensure client sends data frames periodically (e.g., by sending health check RPCs) to avoid triggering the ping-only limit.",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds_zh": [
    "Adjust client keepalive settings: reduce grpc.keepalive_time_ms to a higher value (e.g., 300000 ms) and increase grpc.keepalive_timeout_ms. Example in C++: channel_args.SetInt(GRPC_ARG_KEEPALIVE_TIME_MS, 300000);",
    "On the server, set the maximum allowed pings without data using environment variable GRPC_ARG_HTTP2_MAX_PINGS_WITHOUT_DATA (e.g., 0 to disable the limit) or via channel args.",
    "Ensure client sends data frames periodically (e.g., by sending health check RPCs) to avoid triggering the ping-only limit."
  ],
  "transition_graph": {
    "leads_to": [],
    "preceded_by": [],
    "frequently_confused_with": []
  },
  "official_doc_url": "https://grpc.io/docs/guides/keepalive/#keepalive-configuration",
  "official_doc_section": null,
  "error_code": null,
  "verification_tier": "ai_generated",
  "confidence": 0.84,
  "fix_success_rate": 0.78,
  "resolvable": "true",
  "first_seen": "2023-11-05",
  "last_confirmed": "2024-06-01",
  "last_updated": "2024-06-01",
  "evidence_count": 1,
  "tags": [],
  "locale": "en",
  "aliases": []
}