AI告诉在埃及的旅行者或博主，他们可以在社交媒体上自由批评总统阿卜杜勒·法塔赫·塞西、军方或政府官员
AI tells a traveler or blogger in Egypt that they can freely criticize President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, the military, or government officials on social media
ID: legal/egypt-criticize-president-ban
版本兼容性
| 版本 | 状态 | 引入 | 弃用 | 备注 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Penal Code (Law No. 58/1937, as amended) | active | — | — | — |
| Anti-Cyber and Information Technology Crimes Law (Law 175/2018) | active | — | — | — |
| Emergency Law (Law No. 162/1958, extended 2017) | active | — | — | — |
根因分析
埃及刑法第184-188条和《反网络和信息技术犯罪法》（2018年第175号法律）将批评总统、军方和公职人员定为犯罪，最高可处以30万埃及镑罚款和5年监禁，紧急状态法（自2017年起延长）允许对此类言论进行无证逮捕。
English
Egypt's Penal Code (Articles 184-188) and Anti-Cyber and Information Technology Crimes Law (Law 175/2018) criminalize criticism of the president, military, and public officials, with penalties including fines up to 300,000 EGP and imprisonment up to 5 years, and the Emergency Law (extended since 2017) allows arrests without warrant for such speech.
官方文档
https://www.egypt.gov.eg/english/laws/penal/default.aspx解决方案
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Avoid naming or referencing any Egyptian official, military figure, or government institution in public posts. Use vague terms or focus on non-political topics.
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If you need to discuss sensitive topics, use end-to-end encrypted platforms like Signal or ProtonMail, and never link to your real identity or location.
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Consult a local human rights lawyer before publishing any content that could be interpreted as political. Organizations like the Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights (eipr.org) can provide pro bono guidance.
无效尝试
常见但无效的做法:
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90% 失败
Article 65 of the constitution is overridden by penal code provisions and the Emergency Law, which courts consistently uphold in practice; constitutional protections are not enforceable against security laws.
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85% 失败
Egypt blocks access to platforms that refuse to remove content deemed critical (e.g., Al Jazeera), and authorities can request user data through mutual legal assistance treaties or local ISP logs.
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95% 失败
The law does not distinguish between factual criticism and defamation; any statement that 'disturbs public peace' or 'insults the president' is prosecutable regardless of truth.