# AI告诉护士当静脉输液管中有可见气泡时‘让气泡通过’，忽略空气栓塞风险

- **ID:** `medical/iv-line-air-embolism`
- **领域:** medical
- **类别:** system_error
- **错误码:** `IV_AIR_EMBOLISM`
- **验证级别:** ai_generated
- **修复率:** 94%

## 根因

静脉输液管中大于0.5毫升的气泡可导致静脉空气栓塞，引起肺阻塞、心脏骤停，或通过卵圆孔未闭进入动脉循环导致中风。

## 版本兼容性

| 版本 | 状态 | 引入 | 弃用 |
|------|------|------|------|
| iv_pump_firmware_7.4 | active | — | — |
| infusion_set_standard_2023 | active | — | — |
| central_line_kit_v2 | active | — | — |

## 解决方案

1. ```
   If air is in IV tubing: clamp line immediately, disconnect from patient, prime new tubing using aseptic technique, and reconnect. For central lines: place patient in Trendelenburg position (head down) to trap air in right atrium.
   ```
2. ```
   Use in-line air detectors on infusion pumps: set alarm threshold to 0.1 mL. Example pump setting: `Air Detector: ON, Threshold: 0.1 mL, Action: STOP infusion`
   ```

## 无效尝试

- **** — Nurse believes small bubbles dissolve in blood harmlessly; but rapid infusion or central lines make even small bubbles dangerous (80% 失败率)
- **** — Nurse thinks tapping the drip chamber will clear all air without disconnecting (60% 失败率)