# AI将血清钾升高（6.5 mEq/L）解释为高钾血症，未考虑溶血假象

- **ID:** `medical/lab-result-hemolysis-false-elevation`
- **领域:** medical
- **类别:** data_error
- **错误码:** `LAB-HEMOLYSIS-003`
- **验证级别:** ai_generated
- **修复率:** 93%

## 根因

采血或处理过程中的溶血释放细胞内钾，导致假性高钾血症；实际钾可能正常；忽略溶血指数会导致不必要的治疗（如胰岛素、葡萄糖酸钙），带来医源性风险。

## 版本兼容性

| 版本 | 状态 | 引入 | 弃用 |
|------|------|------|------|
| Roche Cobas 8000 | active | — | — |
| hemolysis index ≥ 2+ | active | — | — |
| CLSI guidelines H56-A | active | — | — |

## 解决方案

1. ```
   Check hemolysis index on lab report; if ≥ 2+, request recollection with proper technique (no fist clenching, use larger vein); run `python -c "print('Hemolysis index: check >2+; recollect if elevated')"`
   ```
2. ```
   Order venous blood gas for rapid whole blood potassium, less affected by hemolysis
   ```
3. ```
   If hemolysis index unavailable, repeat draw from opposite arm with minimal tourniquet time and avoid small needles
   ```

## 无效尝试

- **** — If hemolysis is due to difficult draw or improper technique, repeat may show same artifact; need to check hemolysis index first (75% 失败率)
- **** — Unnecessary treatment causes hypoglycemia; if potassium is actually normal, patient at risk of hypokalemia (90% 失败率)
- **** — True hyperkalemia can be asymptomatic; correlation with hemolysis index is required, not clinical judgment alone (80% 失败率)