{
  "id": "mental-health/panic-attack-breathing-instructions",
  "signature": "AI instructs 'take deep breaths' during panic attack without specifying exhale length or hyperventilation risk",
  "signature_zh": "AI在恐慌发作时指示'深呼吸'，但未指定呼气长度或过度换气风险",
  "regex": "take a deep breath|breathe deeply|deep breathing.*panic|inhale.*exhale.*slow",
  "domain": "mental-health",
  "category": "data_error",
  "subcategory": null,
  "root_cause": "During panic attacks, hyperventilation causes low CO2; 'deep breathing' without extended exhale can worsen hyperventilation and increase panic; proper technique requires exhale longer than inhale.",
  "root_cause_type": "generic",
  "root_cause_zh": "恐慌发作期间过度换气导致二氧化碳过低；没有延长呼气的'深呼吸'可能加重过度换气并增加恐慌；正确技巧需要呼气长于吸气。",
  "versions": [],
  "os_specific": {},
  "dead_ends": [
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "Users often inhale too deeply and exhale too quickly, perpetuating hyperventilation",
      "fail_rate": 0.75,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "Equal inhale/exhale does not correct CO2 balance; exhale must be longer (e.g., 4-7-8 or 4-6 ratio)",
      "fail_rate": 0.6,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "Can increase anxiety about breathing itself; user may feel they are 'doing it wrong'",
      "fail_rate": 0.7,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds": [
    {
      "action": "Use the 4-7-8 breathing pattern: inhale through nose for 4 seconds, hold for 7 seconds, exhale through mouth for 8 seconds. This ensures prolonged exhale and activates parasympathetic nervous system.",
      "success_rate": 0.9,
      "how": "Use the 4-7-8 breathing pattern: inhale through nose for 4 seconds, hold for 7 seconds, exhale through mouth for 8 seconds. This ensures prolonged exhale and activates parasympathetic nervous system.",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "Provide a paced breathing audio cue or visual timer: 'Exhale to the count of 6, inhale to the count of 3. Repeat until you feel your shoulders drop.'",
      "success_rate": 0.85,
      "how": "Provide a paced breathing audio cue or visual timer: 'Exhale to the count of 6, inhale to the count of 3. Repeat until you feel your shoulders drop.'",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "If user cannot do 4-7-8, offer an alternative: 'Breathe out through pursed lips like blowing through a straw for 6 seconds, then let air in naturally for 3 seconds.'",
      "success_rate": 0.8,
      "how": "If user cannot do 4-7-8, offer an alternative: 'Breathe out through pursed lips like blowing through a straw for 6 seconds, then let air in naturally for 3 seconds.'",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds_zh": [
    "Use the 4-7-8 breathing pattern: inhale through nose for 4 seconds, hold for 7 seconds, exhale through mouth for 8 seconds. This ensures prolonged exhale and activates parasympathetic nervous system.",
    "Provide a paced breathing audio cue or visual timer: 'Exhale to the count of 6, inhale to the count of 3. Repeat until you feel your shoulders drop.'",
    "If user cannot do 4-7-8, offer an alternative: 'Breathe out through pursed lips like blowing through a straw for 6 seconds, then let air in naturally for 3 seconds.'"
  ],
  "transition_graph": {
    "leads_to": [],
    "preceded_by": [],
    "frequently_confused_with": []
  },
  "official_doc_url": "https://www.adaa.org/understanding-anxiety/panic-disorder-agoraphobia/tips",
  "official_doc_section": null,
  "error_code": "PANIC-BREATH-001",
  "verification_tier": "ai_generated",
  "confidence": 0.9,
  "fix_success_rate": 0.85,
  "resolvable": "true",
  "first_seen": "2023-11-08",
  "last_confirmed": "2024-06-01",
  "last_updated": "2024-06-01",
  "evidence_count": 1,
  "tags": [],
  "locale": "en",
  "aliases": []
}