14094458 php protocol_error ai_generated true

Warning: stream_socket_enable_crypto(): SSL operation failed with code 1. OpenSSL Error messages: error:14094458:SSL routines:ssl3_read_bytes:tlsv1 unrecognized name in /var/www/app/src/Mailer/SmtpTransport.php:25

ID: php/stream-socket-ssl-sni

Also available as: JSON · Markdown · 中文
82%Fix Rate
87%Confidence
1Evidence
2024-06-20First Seen

Version Compatibility

VersionStatusIntroducedDeprecatedNotes
PHP 8.1 active — — —
PHP 8.2 active — — —
PHP 8.3 active — — —
OpenSSL 1.1.1 active — — —
OpenSSL 3.0 active — — —

Root Cause

The SSL/TLS handshake fails because the server's hostname does not match the SNI (Server Name Indication) extension sent by PHP, often due to a missing or incorrect peer_name in the stream context.

generic

中文

SSL/TLS 握手失败，因为服务器的主机名与 PHP 发送的 SNI（服务器名称指示）扩展不匹配，通常由于流上下文中缺少或错误的 peer_name。

Official Documentation

https://www.php.net/manual/en/context.ssl.php

Workarounds

  1. 90% success Set the 'peer_name' context option to the correct hostname: $context = stream_context_create(['ssl' => ['peer_name' => 'mail.example.com']]); $stream = stream_socket_client('tls://mail.example.com:465', $errno, $errstr, 30, STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT, $context); 
    Set the 'peer_name' context option to the correct hostname: $context = stream_context_create(['ssl' => ['peer_name' => 'mail.example.com']]); $stream = stream_socket_client('tls://mail.example.com:465', $errno, $errstr, 30, STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT, $context);
  2. 85% success If using PHP's built-in mail function or PHPMailer, ensure the SMTP host matches the certificate's common name. For example, use 'smtp.example.com' instead of an IP address. 
    If using PHP's built-in mail function or PHPMailer, ensure the SMTP host matches the certificate's common name. For example, use 'smtp.example.com' instead of an IP address.
  3. 75% success Enable SNI by default in PHP 8.2+: set 'sni_enabled' to true in the stream context: stream_context_set_option($context, 'ssl', 'sni_enabled', true); 
    Enable SNI by default in PHP 8.2+: set 'sni_enabled' to true in the stream context: stream_context_set_option($context, 'ssl', 'sni_enabled', true);

中文步骤

  1. Set the 'peer_name' context option to the correct hostname: $context = stream_context_create(['ssl' => ['peer_name' => 'mail.example.com']]); $stream = stream_socket_client('tls://mail.example.com:465', $errno, $errstr, 30, STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT, $context);
  2. If using PHP's built-in mail function or PHPMailer, ensure the SMTP host matches the certificate's common name. For example, use 'smtp.example.com' instead of an IP address.
  3. Enable SNI by default in PHP 8.2+: set 'sni_enabled' to true in the stream context: stream_context_set_option($context, 'ssl', 'sni_enabled', true);

Dead Ends

Common approaches that don't work:

  1. 90% fail

    Disabling SSL verification (verify_peer=false) bypasses the error but exposes the connection to man-in-the-middle attacks; it does not fix the SNI mismatch.

  2. 70% fail

    Updating the CA certificate bundle alone does not resolve SNI issues; the peer_name must explicitly match the server's certificate CN or SAN.