error pip build_error ai_generated true

error: legacy-install-failure × Encountered error while trying to install package. ╰─> numpy note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.

ID: pip/legacy-install-failure-numpy

Also available as: JSON · Markdown · 中文
88%Fix Rate
84%Confidence
1Evidence
2023-09-18First Seen

Version Compatibility

VersionStatusIntroducedDeprecatedNotes
pip 21.0 active — — —
pip 23.0 active — — —
pip 24.0 active — — —

Root Cause

The package (e.g., numpy) requires a legacy build system (setup.py) that fails due to missing build dependencies or compiler issues, often because the package does not provide pre-built wheels for the platform.

generic

中文

包（例如 numpy）需要旧版构建系统（setup.py），但由于缺少构建依赖项或编译器问题而失败，通常是因为该包未提供针对该平台的预编译 wheel。

Official Documentation

https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/topics/legacy-builds/

Workarounds

  1. 90% success Install a pre-built wheel if available: `pip install numpy --only-binary :all:` or use `pip install numpy==1.24.3` (a version with wheels for most platforms). 
    Install a pre-built wheel if available: `pip install numpy --only-binary :all:` or use `pip install numpy==1.24.3` (a version with wheels for most platforms).
  2. 85% success Install system build dependencies: on Ubuntu, run `sudo apt-get install python3-dev build-essential`; on macOS, `xcode-select --install`. 
    Install system build dependencies: on Ubuntu, run `sudo apt-get install python3-dev build-essential`; on macOS, `xcode-select --install`.
  3. 95% success Use conda as an alternative: `conda install numpy` which provides pre-compiled binaries. 
    Use conda as an alternative: `conda install numpy` which provides pre-compiled binaries.

中文步骤

  1. 如果可用，安装预编译 wheel：`pip install numpy --only-binary :all:` 或使用 `pip install numpy==1.24.3`（该版本为大多数平台提供 wheel）。
  2. 安装系统构建依赖：在 Ubuntu 上运行 `sudo apt-get install python3-dev build-essential`；在 macOS 上运行 `xcode-select --install`。
  3. 使用 conda 作为替代方案：`conda install numpy` 提供预编译的二进制文件。

Dead Ends

Common approaches that don't work:

  1. Reinstall pip and retry, assuming pip itself is broken. 90% fail

    The error is from the package's build system, not pip's installation.

  2. Use `pip install --no-build-isolation numpy` without fixing the underlying build tools. 70% fail

    This may expose more errors but doesn't fix missing compilers or libraries.

  3. Install numpy from a different index without verifying the version. 80% fail

    The same build failure will occur if no pre-built wheel exists.