{
  "id": "python/django-attribute-error-manager",
  "signature": "'Manager' object has no attribute 'filter_by'",
  "signature_zh": "'Manager'对象没有属性'filter_by'",
  "regex": "'Manager'\\ object\\ has\\ no\\ attribute\\ 'filter_by'",
  "domain": "python",
  "category": "type_error",
  "subcategory": null,
  "root_cause": "Calling a custom method on a manager that doesn't exist, or using incorrect syntax.",
  "root_cause_type": "generic",
  "root_cause_zh": "在管理器上调用不存在的自定义方法，或使用错误的语法。",
  "versions": [
    {
      "version": "3.x",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    }
  ],
  "os_specific": {},
  "dead_ends": [
    {
      "action": "Assuming default manager has custom methods",
      "why_fails": "Default manager only provides standard QuerySet methods.",
      "fail_rate": 0.9,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "Using objects.filter_by without defining it",
      "why_fails": "Method must be defined in custom manager.",
      "fail_rate": 0.8,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds": [
    {
      "action": "Define custom manager method",
      "success_rate": 0.95,
      "how": "class MyModelManager(models.Manager):\n    def filter_by(self, **kwargs):\n        return self.filter(**kwargs)\nclass MyModel(models.Model):\n    objects = MyModelManager()",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "Use standard filter instead",
      "success_rate": 0.9,
      "how": "MyModel.objects.filter(field=value)",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds_zh": [],
  "transition_graph": {
    "leads_to": [],
    "preceded_by": [],
    "frequently_confused_with": []
  },
  "official_doc_url": null,
  "official_doc_section": null,
  "error_code": null,
  "verification_tier": "ai_generated",
  "confidence": 0.84,
  "fix_success_rate": 0.8,
  "resolvable": "true",
  "first_seen": "2024-05-12",
  "last_confirmed": "2025-01-01",
  "last_updated": "2025-01-01",
  "evidence_count": 0,
  "tags": [],
  "locale": "en",
  "aliases": []
}