# django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Authentication backends must be a list or tuple.

- **ID:** `python/django-authentication-backend-error`
- **Domain:** python
- **Category:** config_error
- **Verification:** ai_generated
- **Fix Rate:** 80%

## Root Cause

AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS设置类型错误

## Version Compatibility

| Version | Status | Introduced | Deprecated |
|---------|--------|------------|------------|
| 3.x | active | — | — |

## Workarounds

1. **** (95% success)
   ```
   AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = ['django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend']
   ```
2. **** (90% success)
   ```
   删除AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS设置，使用Django默认值
   ```

## Dead Ends

- **** — Django无法迭代字符串，仍会报错 (90% fail)
- **** — 用户认证功能完全失效 (80% fail)