{
  "id": "python/httpx-connecterror-ssl-certificate-verify-failed",
  "signature": "httpx.ConnectError: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: unable to get local issuer certificate (_ssl.c:1123) while connecting to 'https://internal.example.com'",
  "signature_zh": "httpx.ConnectError: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] 证书验证失败：无法获取本地颁发者证书 (_ssl.c:1123)，连接到'https://internal.example.com'时",
  "regex": "httpx\\.ConnectError:\\ \\[SSL:\\ CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED\\]\\ certificate\\ verify\\ failed:\\ unable\\ to\\ get\\ local\\ issuer\\ certificate\\ \\(_ssl\\.c:1123\\)\\ while\\ connecting\\ to\\ 'https://internal\\.example\\.com'",
  "domain": "python",
  "category": "network_error",
  "subcategory": null,
  "root_cause": "The server's certificate chain is incomplete or the CA certificate is not installed locally.",
  "root_cause_type": "generic",
  "root_cause_zh": "服务器的证书链不完整或本地未安装CA证书。",
  "versions": [
    {
      "version": "3.x",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    }
  ],
  "os_specific": {},
  "dead_ends": [
    {
      "action": "Disabling SSL verification entirely",
      "why_fails": "Compromises security and does not address the missing CA.",
      "fail_rate": 0.7,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "Using a different SSL library",
      "why_fails": "The issue is with the certificate, not the library.",
      "fail_rate": 0.9,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds": [
    {
      "action": "Install the missing CA certificate in the system trust store",
      "success_rate": 0.9,
      "how": "# On Linux: sudo cp ca.crt /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/ && sudo update-ca-certificates\n# Then use httpx normally",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "Provide the CA certificate file via the verify parameter",
      "success_rate": 0.85,
      "how": "httpx.get('https://internal.example.com', verify='/path/to/ca.crt')",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds_zh": [],
  "transition_graph": {
    "leads_to": [],
    "preceded_by": [],
    "frequently_confused_with": []
  },
  "official_doc_url": null,
  "official_doc_section": null,
  "error_code": null,
  "verification_tier": "ai_generated",
  "confidence": 0.87,
  "fix_success_rate": 0.8,
  "resolvable": "true",
  "first_seen": "2025-04-12",
  "last_confirmed": "2025-01-01",
  "last_updated": "2025-01-01",
  "evidence_count": 0,
  "tags": [],
  "locale": "en",
  "aliases": []
}