{
  "id": "python/mysql-timezone-unsupported",
  "signature": "sqlalchemy.exc.OperationalError: (pymysql.err.OperationalError) (1298, 'Unknown or incorrect time zone: 'UTC'')",
  "signature_zh": "SQLAlchemy 操作错误：未知或不正确的时区 'UTC'。",
  "regex": "sqlalchemy\\.exc\\.OperationalError:\\ \\(pymysql\\.err\\.OperationalError\\)\\ \\(1298,\\ 'Unknown\\ or\\ incorrect\\ time\\ zone:\\ 'UTC''\\)",
  "domain": "python",
  "category": "config_error",
  "subcategory": null,
  "root_cause": "MySQL 服务器未加载时区表，导致无法识别 'UTC' 时区。",
  "root_cause_type": "generic",
  "root_cause_zh": "MySQL 服务器未加载时区表，导致无法识别 'UTC' 时区。",
  "versions": [
    {
      "version": "1.4.x",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "version": "2.0.x",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    }
  ],
  "os_specific": {},
  "dead_ends": [
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "在连接字符串中移除时区参数，但应用依赖正确时区进行时间计算。",
      "fail_rate": 0.5,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "尝试在 MySQL 中手动创建时区表，但需要 root 权限且过程复杂。",
      "fail_rate": 0.4,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds": [
    {
      "action": "",
      "success_rate": 0.9,
      "how": "在 MySQL 服务器上执行：mysql_tzinfo_to_sql /usr/share/zoneinfo | mysql -u root mysql",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "success_rate": 0.7,
      "how": "在连接字符串中改用 'SYSTEM' 时区，例如：?timezone=SYSTEM",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds_zh": [],
  "transition_graph": {
    "leads_to": [],
    "preceded_by": [],
    "frequently_confused_with": []
  },
  "official_doc_url": null,
  "official_doc_section": null,
  "error_code": null,
  "verification_tier": "ai_generated",
  "confidence": 0.83,
  "fix_success_rate": 0.8,
  "resolvable": "true",
  "first_seen": "2024-05-18",
  "last_confirmed": "2025-01-01",
  "last_updated": "2025-01-01",
  "evidence_count": 0,
  "tags": [],
  "locale": "en",
  "aliases": []
}