# IndexError: index 5 is out of bounds for axis 0 with size 5

- **ID:** `python/numpy-index-error-bounds`
- **Domain:** python
- **Category:** runtime_error
- **Verification:** ai_generated
- **Fix Rate:** 80%

## Root Cause

Integer index equals or exceeds array length; off-by-one or wrong axis.

## Version Compatibility

| Version | Status | Introduced | Deprecated |
|---------|--------|------------|------------|
| 3.x | active | — | — |

## Workarounds

1. **** (95% success)
   ```
   if 0 <= i < arr.shape[0]: val = arr[i]
   ```
2. **** (85% success)
   ```
   arr.take([i], mode='clip') for clamped access
   ```

## Dead Ends

- **** — Silently drops data rows (70% fail)
- **** — Only fixes the last-index case (60% fail)