# ERROR: Could not install packages due to an SSLError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/package/ (Caused by SSLError(SSLCertVerificationError(1, '[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: self signed certificate in certificate chain (_ssl.c:1006)')))

- **ID:** `python/pip-install-certificate-error`
- **Domain:** python
- **Category:** network_error
- **Verification:** ai_generated
- **Fix Rate:** 80%

## Root Cause

pip cannot verify the SSL certificate because the certificate chain includes a self-signed certificate, often due to a corporate proxy or antivirus software.

## Version Compatibility

| Version | Status | Introduced | Deprecated |
|---------|--------|------------|------------|
| 3.x | active | — | — |

## Workarounds

1. **** (90% success)
   ```
   pip install --cert /path/to/corporate-ca.pem package
   ```
2. **** (85% success)
   ```
   pip install --upgrade certifi; export SSL_CERT_FILE=$(python -m certifi)
   ```

## Dead Ends

- **** — Disables SSL verification, exposing you to MITM attacks; not a proper fix. (50% fail)
- **** — Globally disables HTTPS verification for Python, affecting all libraries; insecure. (60% fail)