{
  "id": "python/pip-install-error-requires-pip-version",
  "signature": "ERROR: This package requires pip version 21.0 or higher, but you have 20.0.2",
  "signature_zh": "错误：此包需要 pip 版本 21.0 或更高，但你的版本是 20.0.2",
  "regex": "ERROR:\\ This\\ package\\ requires\\ pip\\ version\\ 21\\.0\\ or\\ higher,\\ but\\ you\\ have\\ 20\\.0\\.2",
  "domain": "python",
  "category": "install_error",
  "subcategory": null,
  "root_cause": "The package uses a pyproject.toml with build-system requirements that specify a minimum pip version, and the installed pip is too old to understand the metadata format.",
  "root_cause_type": "generic",
  "root_cause_zh": "包使用 pyproject.toml，其 build-system 要求指定了最低 pip 版本，而安装的 pip 太旧，无法理解元数据格式。",
  "versions": [
    {
      "version": "3.7",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "version": "3.8",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "version": "3.9",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "version": "3.10",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    }
  ],
  "os_specific": {},
  "dead_ends": [
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "Old pip cannot parse the pyproject.toml correctly, leading to build failures.",
      "fail_rate": 0.85,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "Requires downloading and modifying the package, and may still fail due to other incompatibilities.",
      "fail_rate": 0.75,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds": [
    {
      "action": "",
      "success_rate": 0.98,
      "how": "Upgrade pip: python -m pip install --upgrade pip.",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "success_rate": 0.9,
      "how": "If upgrade fails due to permissions, use --user: python -m pip install --user --upgrade pip.",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds_zh": [],
  "transition_graph": {
    "leads_to": [],
    "preceded_by": [],
    "frequently_confused_with": []
  },
  "official_doc_url": null,
  "official_doc_section": null,
  "error_code": null,
  "verification_tier": "ai_generated",
  "confidence": 0.87,
  "fix_success_rate": 0.8,
  "resolvable": "true",
  "first_seen": "2025-03-20",
  "last_confirmed": "2025-01-01",
  "last_updated": "2025-01-01",
  "evidence_count": 0,
  "tags": [],
  "locale": "en",
  "aliases": []
}