{
  "id": "python/pip-install-error-ssl-certificate-verify-failed",
  "signature": "ERROR: Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/package/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: unable to get local issuer certificate (_ssl.c:1129)",
  "signature_zh": "错误：无法获取 URL https://pypi.org/simple/package/：确认 SSL 证书时出现问题：[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] 证书验证失败：无法获取本地颁发者证书 (_ssl.c:1129)",
  "regex": "ERROR:\\ Could\\ not\\ fetch\\ URL\\ https://pypi\\.org/simple/package/:\\ There\\ was\\ a\\ problem\\ confirming\\ the\\ ssl\\ certificate:\\ \\[SSL:\\ CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED\\]\\ certificate\\ verify\\ failed:\\ unable\\ to\\ get\\ local\\ issuer\\ certificate\\ \\(_ssl\\.c:1129\\)",
  "domain": "python",
  "category": "network_error",
  "subcategory": null,
  "root_cause": "pip cannot verify the SSL certificate of the package index, often due to missing CA certificates, corporate proxy interception, or outdated certifi bundle.",
  "root_cause_type": "generic",
  "root_cause_zh": "pip 无法验证包索引的 SSL 证书，通常是由于缺少 CA 证书、企业代理拦截或 certifi 包过时。",
  "versions": [
    {
      "version": "3.x",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    }
  ],
  "os_specific": {},
  "dead_ends": [
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "This bypasses security and may still fail if the proxy requires a specific CA.",
      "fail_rate": 0.6,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "Reinstalling Python does not fix missing or outdated CA certificates.",
      "fail_rate": 0.95,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "PyPI redirects HTTP to HTTPS; the SSL error persists.",
      "fail_rate": 0.9,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds": [
    {
      "action": "",
      "success_rate": 0.8,
      "how": "pip install --upgrade certifi",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "success_rate": 0.9,
      "how": "sudo apt-get install ca-certificates && sudo update-ca-certificates",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "success_rate": 0.85,
      "how": "pip install --cert /path/to/corporate-ca-bundle.crt package",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds_zh": [],
  "transition_graph": {
    "leads_to": [],
    "preceded_by": [],
    "frequently_confused_with": []
  },
  "official_doc_url": null,
  "official_doc_section": null,
  "error_code": null,
  "verification_tier": "ai_generated",
  "confidence": 0.86,
  "fix_success_rate": 0.8,
  "resolvable": "true",
  "first_seen": "2024-05-12",
  "last_confirmed": "2025-01-01",
  "last_updated": "2025-01-01",
  "evidence_count": 0,
  "tags": [],
  "locale": "en",
  "aliases": []
}