{
  "id": "python/psycopg2-ssl-connection-error",
  "signature": "psycopg2.OperationalError: SSL connection is required. Please specify SSL options and retry.",
  "signature_zh": "psycopg2 操作错误：需要 SSL 连接，请指定 SSL 选项后重试。",
  "regex": "psycopg2\\.OperationalError:\\ SSL\\ connection\\ is\\ required\\.\\ Please\\ specify\\ SSL\\ options\\ and\\ retry\\.",
  "domain": "python",
  "category": "network_error",
  "subcategory": null,
  "root_cause": "数据库服务器配置了强制 SSL，但客户端连接时未提供 SSL 参数。",
  "root_cause_type": "generic",
  "root_cause_zh": "数据库服务器配置了强制 SSL，但客户端连接时未提供 SSL 参数。",
  "versions": [
    {
      "version": "2.9.x",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    }
  ],
  "os_specific": {},
  "dead_ends": [
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "尝试关闭服务器端的 SSL 要求，但可能影响其他生产应用的安全性。",
      "fail_rate": 0.5,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "在连接字符串中直接添加 sslmode=disable，但服务器会拒绝非 SSL 连接。",
      "fail_rate": 0.8,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds": [
    {
      "action": "",
      "success_rate": 0.9,
      "how": "在连接字符串中添加 sslmode=require，例如：postgresql://user:pass@host/db?sslmode=require",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "success_rate": 0.95,
      "how": "使用 SQLAlchemy 的 connect_args 参数：create_engine(url, connect_args={'sslmode': 'require'})",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds_zh": [],
  "transition_graph": {
    "leads_to": [],
    "preceded_by": [],
    "frequently_confused_with": []
  },
  "official_doc_url": null,
  "official_doc_section": null,
  "error_code": null,
  "verification_tier": "ai_generated",
  "confidence": 0.85,
  "fix_success_rate": 0.8,
  "resolvable": "true",
  "first_seen": "2024-03-22",
  "last_confirmed": "2025-01-01",
  "last_updated": "2025-01-01",
  "evidence_count": 0,
  "tags": [],
  "locale": "en",
  "aliases": []
}