{
  "id": "python/setuptools-command-not-found-bdist-wheel",
  "signature": "error: invalid command 'bdist_wheel'",
  "signature_zh": "错误：无效命令 'bdist_wheel'",
  "regex": "error:\\ invalid\\ command\\ 'bdist_wheel'",
  "domain": "python",
  "category": "install_error",
  "subcategory": null,
  "root_cause": "The wheel package is not installed, so setuptools cannot find the bdist_wheel command. Modern build frontends (pip, build) install this automatically, but direct `python setup.py bdist_wheel` calls do not.",
  "root_cause_type": "generic",
  "root_cause_zh": "wheel 包未安装，因此 setuptools 找不到 bdist_wheel 命令。现代构建前端（pip、build）会自动安装它，但直接调用 `python setup.py bdist_wheel` 不会。",
  "versions": [
    {
      "version": "3.8",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "version": "3.9",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "version": "3.10",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "version": "3.11",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "version": "3.12",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    }
  ],
  "os_specific": {},
  "dead_ends": [
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "Deprecated and bypasses wheel building; produces a non-portable install.",
      "fail_rate": 0.6,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "setuptools does not bundle wheel; the wheel package must be installed separately.",
      "fail_rate": 0.9,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds": [
    {
      "action": "",
      "success_rate": 0.97,
      "how": "pip install wheel && python setup.py bdist_wheel",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "success_rate": 0.98,
      "how": "pip install build && python -m build",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds_zh": [],
  "transition_graph": {
    "leads_to": [],
    "preceded_by": [],
    "frequently_confused_with": []
  },
  "official_doc_url": null,
  "official_doc_section": null,
  "error_code": null,
  "verification_tier": "ai_generated",
  "confidence": 0.9,
  "fix_success_rate": 0.8,
  "resolvable": "true",
  "first_seen": "2024-02-22",
  "last_confirmed": "2025-01-01",
  "last_updated": "2025-01-01",
  "evidence_count": 0,
  "tags": [],
  "locale": "en",
  "aliases": []
}