{
  "id": "python/sqlalchemy-invalid-expression",
  "signature": "sqlalchemy.exc.ArgumentError: SQL expression for WHERE/HAVING role expected, got 5.",
  "signature_zh": "SQLAlchemy 参数错误：WHERE/HAVING 位置期望 SQL 表达式，但得到 5。",
  "regex": "sqlalchemy\\.exc\\.ArgumentError:\\ SQL\\ expression\\ for\\ WHERE/HAVING\\ role\\ expected,\\ got\\ 5\\.",
  "domain": "python",
  "category": "type_error",
  "subcategory": null,
  "root_cause": "在查询过滤条件中传递了普通 Python 值而不是 SQLAlchemy 表达式。",
  "root_cause_type": "generic",
  "root_cause_zh": "在查询过滤条件中传递了普通 Python 值而不是 SQLAlchemy 表达式。",
  "versions": [
    {
      "version": "1.4.x",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "version": "2.0.x",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    }
  ],
  "os_specific": {},
  "dead_ends": [
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "尝试将值强制转换为字符串，但无法正确生成 SQL。",
      "fail_rate": 0.6,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "忽略过滤条件，但查询结果不准确。",
      "fail_rate": 0.7,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds": [
    {
      "action": "",
      "success_rate": 0.95,
      "how": "使用列对象构建条件，例如：session.query(User).filter(User.age > 5)",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "success_rate": 0.8,
      "how": "使用 text() 构造原始 SQL 条件。",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds_zh": [],
  "transition_graph": {
    "leads_to": [],
    "preceded_by": [],
    "frequently_confused_with": []
  },
  "official_doc_url": null,
  "official_doc_section": null,
  "error_code": null,
  "verification_tier": "ai_generated",
  "confidence": 0.86,
  "fix_success_rate": 0.8,
  "resolvable": "true",
  "first_seen": "2025-10-10",
  "last_confirmed": "2025-01-01",
  "last_updated": "2025-01-01",
  "evidence_count": 0,
  "tags": [],
  "locale": "en",
  "aliases": []
}