{
  "id": "python/starlette-missing-boundary-multipart",
  "signature": "starlette.formparsers.MultiPartException: Missing boundary in multipart.",
  "signature_zh": "starlette.formparsers.MultiPartException: multipart 中缺少 boundary。",
  "regex": "starlette\\.formparsers\\.MultiPartException:\\ Missing\\ boundary\\ in\\ multipart\\.",
  "domain": "python",
  "category": "network_error",
  "subcategory": null,
  "root_cause": "A multipart/form-data request lacks the boundary parameter in its Content-Type header, or the client sends a body without the header.",
  "root_cause_type": "generic",
  "root_cause_zh": "multipart/form-data 请求的 Content-Type 头缺少 boundary 参数，或客户端发送了请求体却没有该头。",
  "versions": [
    {
      "version": "3.x",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    }
  ],
  "os_specific": {},
  "dead_ends": [
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "The endpoint expects form fields and fails validation.",
      "fail_rate": 0.8,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "Does not fix the client; uploads keep failing.",
      "fail_rate": 0.7,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds": [
    {
      "action": "",
      "success_rate": 0.95,
      "how": "import requests\nfiles = {'file': open('a.png', 'rb')}\nrequests.post(url, files=files)",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "success_rate": 0.92,
      "how": "from fastapi import File, UploadFile\n@app.post('/upload')\nasync def upload(file: UploadFile = File(...)):\n    ...",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds_zh": [],
  "transition_graph": {
    "leads_to": [],
    "preceded_by": [],
    "frequently_confused_with": []
  },
  "official_doc_url": null,
  "official_doc_section": null,
  "error_code": null,
  "verification_tier": "ai_generated",
  "confidence": 0.85,
  "fix_success_rate": 0.8,
  "resolvable": "true",
  "first_seen": "2024-06-18",
  "last_confirmed": "2025-01-01",
  "last_updated": "2025-01-01",
  "evidence_count": 0,
  "tags": [],
  "locale": "en",
  "aliases": []
}