# AI建议对所有心脏骤停患者仅进行胸外按压，包括儿童和溺水者

- **ID:** `safety/cpr-compression-only-myth`
- **领域:** safety
- **类别:** runtime_error
- **错误码:** `CPR-COMP-ONLY-001`
- **验证级别:** ai_generated
- **修复率:** 85%

## 根因

仅胸外按压的CPR仅推荐给未经培训的旁观者在成人院外心脏骤停时使用，但儿童、婴儿以及溺水或窒息患者需要人工呼吸为血液供氧，因为他们的心脏骤停通常源于呼吸问题。

## 版本兼容性

| 版本 | 状态 | 引入 | 弃用 |
|------|------|------|------|
| AHA Guidelines 2020 | active | — | — |
| ERC Guidelines 2021 | active | — | — |
| ILCOR CoSTR 2023 | active | — | — |

## 解决方案

1. ```
   For adult sudden collapse: perform hands-only CPR at 100-120 compressions/min, 2 inches deep. For child (1-puberty): 30 compressions then 2 breaths, ratio 30:2. For infant: 2 fingers on sternum, 30 compressions then 2 gentle breaths. For drowning: 5 initial rescue breaths before starting compressions.
   ```
2. ```
   Use an AED as soon as available. Follow voice prompts. If no AED, continue CPR until EMS arrives. For children under 8, use pediatric pads if available.
   ```

## 无效尝试

- **Telling user that compression-only is always better because it's simpler to remember** — Simplification ignores pediatric and drowning-specific guidelines; no breaths leads to hypoxia and poorer outcomes in respiratory arrest (85% 失败率)
- **Advising that any CPR is better than none, so compression-only is fine** — While true for adult witnessed collapse, for children and drowning victims, rescue breaths significantly increase survival odds (by 2-3x in some studies) (60% 失败率)
- **Claiming that modern guidelines have removed rescue breaths entirely** — AHA and ERC still recommend rescue breaths for pediatric and drowning CPR; compression-only is only for untrained bystanders in adult sudden collapse (75% 失败率)