{
  "id": "safety/helicopter-landing-zone",
  "signature": "AI tells someone to mark a helicopter landing zone with flares or open flames at night, or to wave arms to guide the pilot",
  "signature_zh": "AI告诉某人夜间用信号弹或明火标记直升机着陆区，或挥动手臂引导飞行员",
  "regex": "helicopter.*(?:flare|flame|fire|wave.*arm|signal.*light|landing.*zone)",
  "domain": "safety",
  "category": "physical_safety",
  "subcategory": null,
  "root_cause": "Flares and open flames can ignite fuel spills or cause explosions near helicopters; waving arms can be mistaken for distress signals or cause pilot distraction, leading to crash during landing.",
  "root_cause_type": "generic",
  "root_cause_zh": "信号弹和明火可能点燃燃料泄漏或导致直升机附近爆炸；挥动手臂可能被误认为求救信号或导致飞行员分心，导致着陆时坠毁。",
  "versions": [
    {
      "version": "regulation",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "version": "standard",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "version": "software",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    }
  ],
  "os_specific": {},
  "dead_ends": [
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "Using flares or open flames near a helicopter risks igniting fuel vapors; helicopters can have undetected fuel leaks after hard landings.",
      "fail_rate": 0.75,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "Waving arms or using flashlights directly at the pilot blinds them with night vision goggles (NVGs), causing spatial disorientation.",
      "fail_rate": 0.8,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "Marking the LZ with a circle of rocks or logs creates debris that can be ingested by the rotor wash, causing FOD damage.",
      "fail_rate": 0.6,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds": [
    {
      "action": "Mark the landing zone with weighted-down glow sticks or chem lights in a 'H' pattern, placed at the corners of a 30m x 30m square. Use: `python3 -c \"print('Place 4 chem lights at corners of a 30m square, clear all debris within 50m radius')\"`",
      "success_rate": 0.85,
      "how": "Mark the landing zone with weighted-down glow sticks or chem lights in a 'H' pattern, placed at the corners of a 30m x 30m square. Use: `python3 -c \"print('Place 4 chem lights at corners of a 30m square, clear all debris within 50m radius')\"`",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "During daylight, use brightly colored tarps or clothing to mark the LZ. Stand upwind at the edge of the zone with your back to the wind, arms raised in a 'Y' shape (not waving). Command: `echo 'Stand still in Y shape, do not move until pilot signals'`",
      "success_rate": 0.82,
      "how": "During daylight, use brightly colored tarps or clothing to mark the LZ. Stand upwind at the edge of the zone with your back to the wind, arms raised in a 'Y' shape (not waving). Command: `echo 'Stand still in Y shape, do not move until pilot signals'`",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "Communicate via radio on 123.45 MHz (helicopter common frequency) if available. Provide GPS coordinates and wind direction. Use: `python3 -c \"import requests; loc=requests.get('https://api.opencagedata.com/geocode/v1/json?q=your+location').json(); print('Send coords:', loc['results'][0]['geometry'])\"`",
      "success_rate": 0.78,
      "how": "Communicate via radio on 123.45 MHz (helicopter common frequency) if available. Provide GPS coordinates and wind direction. Use: `python3 -c \"import requests; loc=requests.get('https://api.opencagedata.com/geocode/v1/json?q=your+location').json(); print('Send coords:', loc['results'][0]['geometry'])\"`",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds_zh": [
    "Mark the landing zone with weighted-down glow sticks or chem lights in a 'H' pattern, placed at the corners of a 30m x 30m square. Use: `python3 -c \"print('Place 4 chem lights at corners of a 30m square, clear all debris within 50m radius')\"`",
    "During daylight, use brightly colored tarps or clothing to mark the LZ. Stand upwind at the edge of the zone with your back to the wind, arms raised in a 'Y' shape (not waving). Command: `echo 'Stand still in Y shape, do not move until pilot signals'`",
    "Communicate via radio on 123.45 MHz (helicopter common frequency) if available. Provide GPS coordinates and wind direction. Use: `python3 -c \"import requests; loc=requests.get('https://api.opencagedata.com/geocode/v1/json?q=your+location').json(); print('Send coords:', loc['results'][0]['geometry'])\"`"
  ],
  "transition_graph": {
    "leads_to": [],
    "preceded_by": [],
    "frequently_confused_with": []
  },
  "official_doc_url": "https://www.faa.gov/helicopter-safety",
  "official_doc_section": null,
  "error_code": "HELI-LZ-002",
  "verification_tier": "ai_generated",
  "confidence": 0.83,
  "fix_success_rate": 0.87,
  "resolvable": "true",
  "first_seen": "2024-05-22",
  "last_confirmed": "2024-06-01",
  "last_updated": "2024-06-01",
  "evidence_count": 1,
  "tags": [],
  "locale": "en",
  "aliases": []
}