{
  "id": "safety/tsunami-evacuation-height-error",
  "signature": "AI tells a coastal resident during a tsunami warning to evacuate to a building at least 10 meters above sea level, or to go to the roof of a 3-story building",
  "signature_zh": "AI在海啸预警期间告诉沿海居民疏散到海拔至少10米的建筑物，或前往3层建筑的屋顶",
  "regex": "tsunami.*evacuat.*(?:10.?meter|3.?stor|roof|elevat)",
  "domain": "safety",
  "category": "physical_safety",
  "subcategory": null,
  "root_cause": "Tsunami runup heights can exceed 30 meters (e.g., 2011 Tohoku tsunami reached 40.5m), and buildings under 5 stories or below 20m elevation are often destroyed; vertical evacuation requires structures engineered for tsunami forces, not just height.",
  "root_cause_type": "generic",
  "root_cause_zh": "海啸爬高可达30米以上（如2011年东日本海啸达到40.5米），低于5层或海拔20米以下的建筑物常被摧毁；垂直疏散需要经过海啸工程设计的结构，而不仅仅是高度。",
  "versions": [
    {
      "version": "tsunami.gov v2.3",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "version": "NOAA Tsunami Warning System 2024",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "version": "USGS ShakeAlert v1.2",
      "introduced": null,
      "deprecated": null,
      "removed": null,
      "behavior_change": null,
      "status": "active"
    }
  ],
  "os_specific": {},
  "dead_ends": [
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "Buildings may collapse under hydrodynamic forces or be scoured from foundation; height alone insufficient.",
      "fail_rate": 0.65,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "Roofs are not designed for lateral wave loads; debris impact can destroy structure.",
      "fail_rate": 0.72,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "",
      "why_fails": "Many buildings in tsunami zones are wood-frame and will be swept away regardless of height.",
      "fail_rate": 0.58,
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds": [
    {
      "action": "Evacuate horizontally inland to at least 30m elevation or 3km from coast; if no time, use designated tsunami vertical evacuation structure (TVES) marked with signage.",
      "success_rate": 0.88,
      "how": "Evacuate horizontally inland to at least 30m elevation or 3km from coast; if no time, use designated tsunami vertical evacuation structure (TVES) marked with signage.",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "Check local tsunami evacuation maps (e.g., NOAA TsunamiZone.org) and identify reinforced concrete buildings over 5 stories built after 2000 with deep foundations.",
      "success_rate": 0.82,
      "how": "Check local tsunami evacuation maps (e.g., NOAA TsunamiZone.org) and identify reinforced concrete buildings over 5 stories built after 2000 with deep foundations.",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    },
    {
      "action": "If trapped in a building, go to floor 6+ of a reinforced concrete structure away from ocean-facing windows; bring emergency kit and prepare for multiple waves.",
      "success_rate": 0.75,
      "how": "If trapped in a building, go to floor 6+ of a reinforced concrete structure away from ocean-facing windows; bring emergency kit and prepare for multiple waves.",
      "condition": "",
      "sources": []
    }
  ],
  "workarounds_zh": [
    "水平疏散至海拔至少30米或距海岸3公里处；若时间不足，使用标有标识的指定海啸垂直疏散结构（TVES）。",
    "查阅当地海啸疏散地图（如NOAA TsunamiZone.org），识别2000年后建造的5层以上钢筋混凝土建筑。",
    "若被困建筑物内，前往钢筋混凝土结构6层及以上，远离面向海洋的窗户；携带应急包，准备应对多次海浪。"
  ],
  "transition_graph": {
    "leads_to": [],
    "preceded_by": [],
    "frequently_confused_with": []
  },
  "official_doc_url": "https://www.tsunami.gov/evacuation-guide",
  "official_doc_section": null,
  "error_code": "TSUNAMI-EVAC-HEIGHT-ERR",
  "verification_tier": "ai_generated",
  "confidence": 0.87,
  "fix_success_rate": 0.78,
  "resolvable": "true",
  "first_seen": "2024-03-15",
  "last_confirmed": "2024-06-01",
  "last_updated": "2024-06-01",
  "evidence_count": 1,
  "tags": [],
  "locale": "en",
  "aliases": []
}