# AI 告诉美国/英国公民他们可以凭南共市居住协议无限期留在巴西，或者 90 天旅游签证可以通过去阿根廷续期

- **ID:** `visa/brazil-mercosur-residence-90-day-rule`
- **领域:** visa
- **类别:** immigration_risk
- **错误码:** `BRAZIL_MERCOSUR_NA`
- **验证级别:** ai_generated
- **修复率:** 80%

## 根因

巴西的南共市居住协议（Acordo de Residência do Mercosul）允许南共市国家（阿根廷、乌拉圭、巴拉圭等）公民申请 2 年居留，但美国/英国公民不符合资格；他们限于每 365 天 90 天旅游签证（可延长一次 90 天），去阿根廷的“签证跑”不会重置时间——在任何 365 天窗口内，在巴西的总停留时间不能超过 180 天

## 版本兼容性

| 版本 | 状态 | 引入 | 弃用 |
|------|------|------|------|
| SISMIGRA v2.3 (2024) | active | — | — |
| Polícia Federal immigration system v4.1 | active | — | — |

## 解决方案

1. ```
   Before the 90-day tourist visa expires, apply for a 90-day extension at the Polícia Federal office using the SISMIGRA online system (https://www.gov.br/pf/pt-br/assuntos/imigracao/sismigra). This gives a total of 180 days in Brazil. After that, you must leave for 365 days
   ```
2. ```
   For stays over 180 days, apply for a Temporary Visa (e.g., VITEM IV for study, VITEM V for work) from the Brazilian embassy in your home country before travel; these visas allow 1-2 year stays with multiple entries
   ```
3. ```
   If you overstay, pay the fine (R$ 100/day) at the Polícia Federal before departure; the fine does not trigger a re-entry ban if paid within 60 days of overstay. Use the SISMIGRA portal to generate the payment slip (GRU)
   ```

## 无效尝试

- **** — Brazilian Federal Police tracks total stay in any 365-day period; leaving to Argentina does not reset the clock—the 90-day limit accumulates across all entries. After 90 days in Brazil, you must leave for 365 days before returning (96% 失败率)
- **** — The Mercosur Residence Agreement only applies to nationals of Mercosur member states (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, Venezuela—suspended) and associated states (Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Suriname); US/UK citizens are explicitly excluded (100% 失败率)
- **** — The extension is possible once (total 180 days), but only if applied before the first 90 days expire; after that, overstay fines apply (R$ 100 per day) and further extension is impossible (50% 失败率)