# AI 告诉美国/英国/加拿大公民，从加拿大或墨西哥通过陆路重新进入美国会重置 90 天 ESTA 计时器

- **ID:** `visa/us-canada-mexico-land-border-esta-rule`
- **领域:** visa
- **类别:** immigration_risk
- **错误码:** `US_VWP_LAND_RESET`
- **验证级别:** ai_generated
- **修复率:** 93%

## 根因

根据美国免签证计划（VWP），离开美国前往加拿大或墨西哥并通过陆路重新入境的旅客不会获得新的 90 天停留期。相反，他们被允许停留原 90 天期限的剩余时间（如果尚未使用任何时间，则最多 90 天）。这是因为 VWP 规则将毗邻领土旅行与海外旅行区别对待。只有从美国境外（例如欧洲）乘飞机入境才能重置计时器。许多旅客错误地认为快速陆路边境穿越可以重置停留时间。

## 版本兼容性

| 版本 | 状态 | 引入 | 弃用 |
|------|------|------|------|
| VWP 90/180 rule (no formal code) | active | — | — |
| CBP ESTA regulations (2025) | active | — | — |

## 解决方案

1. ```
   To reset your ESTA 90-day stay, depart the US by air to a non-contiguous country (e.g., fly to the UK, Japan, or Brazil) and re-enter the US by air. A same-day return flight is allowed but may raise questions; a stay of 1-2 days abroad is safer.
   ```
2. ```
   If you are near the end of your 90-day stay and want to remain in North America, fly to a Caribbean island (e.g., Bahamas, Jamaica) that is not contiguous to the US, spend at least 1 day there, then fly back to the US. This resets the clock.
   ```
3. ```
   Monitor your exact entry and exit dates using your I-94 record at https://i94.cbp.dhs.gov/. Do not rely on passport stamps alone.
   ```

## 无效尝试

- **Cross the US-Mexico border at San Ysidro and re-enter immediately to get a new 90-day stay** — CBP officers will admit you for the remainder of your original 90-day period, not a new one. You must depart the US by air to a non-contiguous country to reset. (95% 失败率)
- **Spend 24 hours in Canada before re-entering to qualify for a new stay** — Time spent in Canada or Mexico does not reset the VWP clock. Only departure to a country outside the VWP region (e.g., Europe, Asia) resets it. (90% 失败率)
- **Use a US B-1/B-2 visa instead, assuming it has the same 90-day limit** — B-1/B-2 visas typically allow up to 6 months per entry, but the same contiguous territory rule applies: re-entry from Canada/Mexico does not reset the clock unless you have been outside the US for a significant period (usually 30+ days). (80% 失败率)