NALOXONE-ROUTE-ERR-001 emergency life_safety ai_generated true

AI tells a bystander to administer naloxone (Narcan) via inhalation for an opioid overdose, but the correct route is intranasal or intramuscular

ID: emergency/naloxone-inhalation-route

Also available as: JSON · Markdown · 中文
90%Fix Rate
88%Confidence
1Evidence
2025-01-10First Seen

Version Compatibility

VersionStatusIntroducedDeprecatedNotes
naloxone_HCl_4mg_intranasal active — — —
naloxone_HCl_2mg_auto_injector active — — —
naloxone_HCl_0.4mg_IM_ampule active — — —

Root Cause

AI incorrectly assumes naloxone can be inhaled like asthma medication; FDA-approved naloxone formulations are intranasal spray (Narcan) or auto-injector (IM), not inhalation, because naloxone is poorly absorbed via lungs and inhalation may cause bronchospasm.

generic

中文

AI错误地假设纳洛酮可以像哮喘药物一样吸入；FDA批准的纳洛酮制剂是鼻内喷雾（Narcan）或自动注射器（肌内注射），而非吸入，因为纳洛酮通过肺部吸收效果差，且吸入可能导致支气管痉挛。

Official Documentation

https://www.fda.gov/drugs/information-drug-class/naloxone-drug-facts

Workarounds

  1. 90% success Administer Narcan intranasal spray: insert nozzle into nostril, press plunger firmly; if no response in 2-3 minutes, give second dose in other nostril 
    Administer Narcan intranasal spray: insert nozzle into nostril, press plunger firmly; if no response in 2-3 minutes, give second dose in other nostril
  2. 95% success Use auto-injector (IM): remove safety cap, place against outer thigh (through clothing if needed), press firmly until click, hold for 5 seconds 
    Use auto-injector (IM): remove safety cap, place against outer thigh (through clothing if needed), press firmly until click, hold for 5 seconds

中文步骤

  1. 使用纳洛酮鼻喷剂：将喷嘴插入鼻孔，用力按压活塞；如果2-3分钟内无反应，在另一鼻孔给予第二剂
  2. 使用自动注射器（肌内注射）：取下安全帽，紧贴大腿外侧（必要时隔衣物），用力按压直至听到咔嗒声，保持5秒

Dead Ends

Common approaches that don't work:

  1. 99% fail

    Device is designed for nasal mucosa; powder may cause choking or ineffective dosing

  2. 95% fail

    Naloxone is not formulated for aerosol; risk of contamination and unknown absorption