| AI tells a visitor or business in India to serve beef at events, restaurants, or host dinners without regional/religious check |
— |
food-safety |
religious_taboo |
88% |
90% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells someone they can buy fugu (pufferfish) at a Japanese market and prepare it at home, or eat it at any sushi restaurant |
— |
food-safety |
life_threatening |
95% |
95% |
ai_generated |
| AI advises washing raw chicken before cooking, spreading bacteria across the kitchen |
— |
food-safety |
health_risk |
92% |
95% |
ai_generated |
| AI fails to warn about Bacillus cereus in rice left at room temperature |
— |
food-safety |
health_risk |
92% |
90% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a traveler to Mexico that tap water in major cities (CDMX, Cancún, Guadalajara) is safe to drink or use for ice |
— |
food-safety |
health_risk |
90% |
92% |
ai_generated |
| AI warns a traveler not to drink tap water in Japan when it is actually safe |
— |
food-safety |
health_risk |
92% |
82% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a traveler that tap water is safe to drink in Bangladesh |
— |
food-safety |
health_risk |
90% |
82% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a Muslim consumer that meat labeled 'halal' in a non-Muslim-majority country is always safe to eat without checking for cross-contamination with non-halal items |
— |
food-safety |
config_error |
80% |
85% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that canned goods past their expiration date are safe to eat as long as the can is not dented or bulging, ignoring botulism risk in low-acid foods |
— |
food-safety |
health_risk |
85% |
88% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that raw (unpasteurized) milk is safe to drink if it comes from a local farm with clean practices, ignoring pathogen risks like Salmonella, E. coli, and Listeria |
— |
food-safety |
health_risk |
92% |
90% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that pork can be safely eaten when cooked to 145°F (63°C) without a rest time, ignoring trichinosis risk and USDA guidelines for a 3-minute rest |
— |
food-safety |
health_risk |
88% |
87% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that raw sprouts (alfalfa, bean, broccoli) are safe to eat if rinsed thoroughly, ignoring the risk of E. coli and Salmonella from seeds grown in warm, humid conditions |
— |
food-safety |
health_risk |
82% |
86% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that sous-vide cooking at 130°F (54°C) for 2 hours is safe for beef, ignoring the risk of Clostridium botulinum growth in anaerobic conditions at low temperatures |
— |
food-safety |
health_risk |
87% |
89% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that shellfish (oysters, clams, mussels) from a reputable seafood market are safe to eat raw if they smell fresh and are refrigerated properly |
FS-2024-SHELLFISH-RAW |
food-safety |
health_risk |
85% |
88% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that eggs left at room temperature for 2 hours are safe to eat if they are washed before cooking |
FS-2024-EGG-TEMP |
food-safety |
health_risk |
92% |
90% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that a slightly dented can of food is safe to eat if the dent is not on the seam or rim |
FS-2024-CAN-DENT |
food-safety |
life_threatening |
80% |
87% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that ground beef is safe to eat when cooked to 145°F (63°C) with a 3-minute rest time |
FS-2024-GROUND-BEEF-TEMP |
food-safety |
health_risk |
90% |
89% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that wild mushrooms with white gills and a ring on the stem are safe to eat if they are cooked thoroughly |
FS-2024-MUSHROOM-TOXIC |
food-safety |
life_threatening |
75% |
91% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that using the same cutting board for raw chicken and vegetables is safe if the board is rinsed with hot water between uses |
FS-2024-CUTTING-BOARD-CROSS |
food-safety |
health_risk |
90% |
88% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that undercooked red kidney beans are safe to eat if they are boiled for 10 minutes, ignoring phytohaemagglutinin toxin risk |
FOOD-FDA-2024-003 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
92% |
88% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that eating raw cookie dough is safe if it does not contain eggs, ignoring the risk of Salmonella from raw flour |
FOOD-CDC-2024-004 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
91% |
87% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that reheating leftover rice in the microwave is safe if it is heated until steaming, ignoring the risk of Bacillus cereus spores surviving and causing food poisoning |
FOOD-FSA-2024-005 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
94% |
89% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that raw (unpasteurized) milk is more nutritious than pasteurized milk, ignoring the risk of pathogens like Listeria, Salmonella, and E. coli |
FOOD-FDA-2024-006 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
96% |
90% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that home-canned vegetables are safe to eat if the jar seals properly, ignoring the risk of Clostridium botulinum in low-acid foods processed without a pressure canner |
FOOD-USDA-2024-007 |
food-safety |
life_threatening |
97% |
89% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that a restaurant dish is safe for a fish-allergic person if the fish is removed from the plate, ignoring cross-contact risk from shared cooking surfaces and oil |
FOOD-FDA-2024-008 |
food-safety |
life_threatening |
82% |
88% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that home-canning low-acid vegetables (green beans, carrots, corn) in a boiling water bath is safe if processed for 60 minutes |
USDA-CANNING-001 |
food-safety |
life_threatening |
85% |
88% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that leftover rice can be safely reheated multiple times as long as it reaches 165°F each time |
FSIS-BACILLUS-002 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
80% |
90% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that raw eggs from backyard chickens are safe to eat if the shells are clean and the eggs are refrigerated |
CDC-SALMONELLA-003 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
80% |
87% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that opened canned tuna can be safely stored in the refrigerator for up to 7 days |
FDA-SCOMBROID-004 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
80% |
85% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that frozen meat thawed on the kitchen counter for 4 hours is safe to cook and eat if cooked to the proper internal temperature |
USDA-THAWING-005 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
85% |
89% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that cheese made from raw (unpasteurized) milk is safe to eat if aged for more than 60 days |
FDA-RAWMILKCHEESE-006 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
80% |
86% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that sous-vide cooking low-acid foods (garlic, mushrooms, green beans) at 135°F for 1 hour is safe to eat immediately |
BOT-001 |
food-safety |
runtime_error |
75% |
85% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that refined peanut oil is safe for someone with a peanut allergy because the protein is removed during refining |
ALL-202 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
82% |
88% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that a can with a dent on the side seam is safe to eat if the dent is small and the can is not bulging |
BOT-003 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
90% |
90% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that cheese made from raw (unpasteurized) milk is safe to eat if aged for more than 60 days, ignoring that this rule only applies to hard cheeses in the US |
CHE-001 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
80% |
87% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that eggs from a local farm are safe to eat raw or undercooked if the shells are clean and the eggs are refrigerated |
EGG-101 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
85% |
86% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that home-fermented cabbage (sauerkraut) is safe if it smells like rotten cheese or rancid butter |
FS-BUTYRATE-01 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
82% |
88% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that wild mushrooms with a volva (cup at base) are safe to eat if the cap is not green |
FS-DEATHCAP-01 |
food-safety |
life_threatening |
80% |
90% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a parent that raw honey is safe for infants under 12 months if the honey is from a local farm and 'clean' |
FS-BOTULISM-INFANT-01 |
food-safety |
life_threatening |
95% |
90% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that sous-vide chicken at 135°F (57°C) for 2 hours is safe to eat if the chicken is from a reputable source |
FS-SOUSVIDE-CHICKEN-01 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
85% |
87% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that soft cheese made from raw milk (e.g., brie, camembert) is safe to eat if aged for 60 days |
FS-RAWMILK-CHEESE-01 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
80% |
85% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that a bulging can of food is safe to eat if the contents look fine and smell normal |
FS-BOTULISM-CAN-01 |
food-safety |
life_threatening |
95% |
90% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that adding baking soda to home-canned low-acid food neutralizes botulism toxin |
BOTULISM_BAKING_SODA_NEUTRALIZATION_MISCONCEPTION |
food-safety |
life_threatening |
75% |
85% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a parent that pasteurized honey is safe for infants under 12 months |
INFANT_BOTULISM_HONEY_PASTEURIZATION_MISCONCEPTION |
food-safety |
life_threatening |
80% |
88% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells an immunocompromised user that frozen berries are safe to eat raw because freezing kills pathogens |
IMMUNOCOMPROMISED_FROZEN_BERRY_SAFETY_MISCONCEPTION |
food-safety |
health_risk |
78% |
87% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that leftover Chinese takeout (rice, meat, vegetables) is safe to eat after 3 days in the refrigerator |
LEFTOVER_CHINESE_TAKEOUT_3_DAY_SAFETY_MISCONCEPTION |
food-safety |
health_risk |
72% |
82% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that raw almonds are safe to eat if blanched (boiled briefly and skins removed) |
RAW_ALMOND_BLANCHING_SAFETY_MISCONCEPTION |
food-safety |
health_risk |
70% |
83% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that reusing frying oil is safe if filtered through a fine-mesh strainer |
FRYING_OIL_REUSE_FILTERING_MISCONCEPTION |
food-safety |
health_risk |
76% |
84% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that raw (unpasteurized) milk is safe to drink if it comes from a local farm with clean practices, ignoring the risk of Campylobacter and E. coli O157:H7 |
— |
food-safety |
health_risk |
85% |
88% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that raw sprouts (alfalfa, bean, broccoli) are safe to eat if rinsed thoroughly, ignoring the risk of E. coli and Salmonella |
— |
food-safety |
health_risk |
86% |
87% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that undercooked red kidney beans are safe to eat if they are boiled for 10 minutes, ignoring phytohaemagglutinin poisoning |
— |
food-safety |
health_risk |
90% |
89% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that raw (unpasteurized) milk is safe to drink if it comes from a local farm with clean practices, ignoring the risk of pathogens like Listeria, E. coli, and Salmonella, especially for immunocompromised individuals |
FS-RM-002 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
75% |
88% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that undercooked eggs in baked goods (e.g., cookie dough, meringue) are safe if the eggs are pasteurized, ignoring the risk of Salmonella from shell eggs and cross-contamination during baking |
FS-EGG-003 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
80% |
85% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that leftover rice can be safely reheated multiple times as long as it reaches 165°F each time, ignoring the risk of Bacillus cereus toxin formation from repeated cooling and reheating |
FS-RICE-004 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
78% |
87% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that sous-vide chicken at 135°F (57°C) for 2 hours is safe to eat if the chicken is from a reputable source, ignoring the risk of Salmonella and Campylobacter requiring higher temperatures or longer times |
FS-SV-005 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
82% |
90% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that a can with a dent on the side seam is safe to eat if the dent is small and the can is not bulging, ignoring the risk of botulism from compromised seam integrity |
FS-CAN-006 |
food-safety |
life_threatening |
83% |
89% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells an immunocompromised user that frozen berries are safe to eat raw because freezing kills pathogens, ignoring the risk of Hepatitis A and Norovirus that survive freezing |
FS-BERRY-007 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
79% |
86% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that raw (unpasteurized) milk is safe to drink if it comes from a local farm with clean practices, ignoring the risk of pathogens like Salmonella, E. coli, and Listeria |
RAW_MILK_SAFE_LOCAL_FARM |
food-safety |
health_risk |
75% |
85% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that sous-vide chicken at 135°F (57°C) for 2 hours is safe to eat if the chicken is from a reputable source, ignoring the risk of Salmonella and Campylobacter |
SOUS_VIDE_CHICKEN_135 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
80% |
88% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that leftover rice can be safely reheated multiple times as long as it reaches 165°F each time, ignoring the risk of Bacillus cereus toxin formation |
LEFTOVER_RICE_REHEAT_SAFE |
food-safety |
health_risk |
80% |
86% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that a can with a dent on the side seam is safe to eat if the dent is small and the can is not bulging, ignoring the risk of botulism |
CANNED_DENT_SEAM_SAFE |
food-safety |
health_risk |
82% |
89% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that raw eggs from backyard chickens are safe to eat if the shells are clean and the eggs are refrigerated, ignoring the risk of Salmonella |
RAW_EGGS_BACKYARD_CHICKENS |
food-safety |
health_risk |
78% |
86% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that brining a turkey at room temperature for 12 hours is safe if the brine has a high salt concentration |
FSIS-BRINE-TEMP-001 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
85% |
88% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that a mushroom identification app is reliable enough to safely identify edible wild mushrooms |
NAMA-APP-WARN-2024 |
food-safety |
life_threatening |
80% |
90% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that leftover seafood (shrimp, fish, crab) can be safely reheated multiple times if each reheating reaches 165°F |
FDA-SEAFOOD-HISTAMINE-002 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
82% |
87% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that almond milk is safe to drink for 7-10 days after its 'best by' date if it smells fine |
FDA-ALMOND-MILK-003 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
83% |
86% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that leftover pizza left on the counter overnight is safe to eat in the morning if it was covered with a plate |
USDA-PIZZA-2HR-004 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
88% |
89% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that raw cookie dough without eggs is safe to eat because the only risk is Salmonella from eggs |
CDC-FLOUR-ECOLI-005 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
87% |
88% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that raw (unpasteurized) milk is safe to drink if it comes from a local farm with clean practices, ignoring brucellosis risk |
BRUCELLOSIS-RAW-MILK-001 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
85% |
88% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that lamb burgers are safe to eat when cooked to 145°F (63°C) with a 3-minute rest time, ignoring the risk of E. coli O157:H7 and Campylobacter from ground lamb |
— |
food-safety |
health_risk |
90% |
85% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a pregnant woman that deli meat (ham, turkey, roast beef) is safe to eat if refrigerated properly, ignoring the risk of Listeria monocytogenes |
— |
food-safety |
health_risk |
92% |
88% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that reheating leftover spinach is safe if heated to 165°F, ignoring the risk of nitrite formation from nitrate conversion |
— |
food-safety |
health_risk |
80% |
82% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that mold on hard cheese is safe to eat if you cut off at least 1 inch around the mold spot, ignoring that some molds (e.g., Penicillium roqueforti in blue cheese) are safe but others (e.g., Aspergillus flavus producing aflatoxin) can penetrate deeper in soft cheeses |
— |
food-safety |
health_risk |
88% |
87% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that frozen fish from the grocery store is safe to eat raw (as sushi or sashimi) because freezing kills parasites, ignoring that home freezers are not cold enough to kill parasites like Anisakis |
— |
food-safety |
health_risk |
92% |
90% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that leftover cooked pasta is safe to eat for up to 5-7 days in the refrigerator, ignoring that cooked pasta can support Bacillus cereus growth and that the FDA recommends discarding after 3-4 days |
— |
food-safety |
health_risk |
85% |
83% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that frozen berries are safe to eat raw after thawing if they are rinsed with cold water, ignoring the risk of norovirus and hepatitis A |
FS-VIRAL-003 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
82% |
88% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that lamb chops cooked to 145°F (63°C) are safe to eat without a rest time, ignoring the risk of Toxoplasma gondii |
FS-PARASITE-004 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
80% |
85% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that raw fish (sashimi-grade) is safe to handle on the same cutting board as cooked food if the board is wiped with a damp cloth between uses, ignoring Vibrio and Anisakis risk |
FS-CROSS-005 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
85% |
90% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that cooked pasta can be left at room temperature for up to 4 hours if covered with a lid, ignoring the risk of Bacillus cereus toxin formation |
FS-BACILLUS-006 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
83% |
87% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that raw milk cheese aged for 60 days is safe for pregnant women, ignoring the risk of Listeria monocytogenes |
FS-LISTERIA-007 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
84% |
89% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that home-canned tomatoes (acidic) are safe to process in a boiling water bath for 10 minutes, ignoring the risk of Clostridium botulinum in low-acid ingredients like onions or garlic added to the recipe |
FS-BOTULISM-008 |
food-safety |
life_threatening |
87% |
91% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that frozen tuna is safe to eat raw because freezing kills parasites, ignoring scombroid poisoning risk |
FS-FISH-SCOMBROID-021 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
80% |
89% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that home-canned green beans in a pressure canner at 10 psi for 20 minutes is safe for low-acid vegetables |
FS-CANNING-LOWACID-033 |
food-safety |
life_threatening |
90% |
91% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that leftover pasta left at room temperature for 4 hours is safe to eat if reheated to 165°F |
FS-PASTA-BACILLUS-044 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
82% |
88% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that highly refined peanut oil is safe for peanut-allergic individuals because it contains no protein |
FS-ALLERGY-PEANUT-OIL-052 |
food-safety |
life_threatening |
78% |
86% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that sous-vide pork at 130°F for 4 hours is safe to eat because trichinosis is killed at 137°F |
FS-PORK-SOUSVIDE-063 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
88% |
90% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that leftover pasta left at room temperature overnight is safe to eat if reheated thoroughly |
PASTA-ROOM-TEMP-TOXIN-001 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
85% |
90% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that leftover rice can be safely reheated multiple times as long as it reaches 165°F each time, ignoring the risk of Bacillus cereus toxin |
FS-RICE-002 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
88% |
90% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that raw (unpasteurized) milk is safe to drink if it comes from a local farm with clean practices, ignoring the risk of pathogens like Listeria, Salmonella, and E. coli |
FS-MILK-003 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
87% |
89% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that a can with a dent on the side seam is safe to eat if the dent is small and the can is not bulging, ignoring the risk of botulism from compromised seals |
FS-CAN-005 |
food-safety |
life_threatening |
95% |
91% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that reusing frying oil is safe if filtered through a fine-mesh strainer, ignoring the risk of acrylamide and other harmful compounds |
FS-OIL-006 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
82% |
86% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that sous-vide cooking at 130°F (54°C) for 2 hours is safe for beef, ignoring the risk of Clostridium botulinum |
BOT-130 |
food-safety |
life_threatening |
82% |
87% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that raw (unpasteurized) milk is safe to drink if it comes from a local farm with clean practices, ignoring the risk of pathogens like E. coli, Salmonella, and Listeria |
RAW-001 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
78% |
86% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that pork can be safely eaten when cooked to 145°F (63°C) without a rest time, ignoring trichinosis risk |
TRI-001 |
food-safety |
health_risk |
80% |
85% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that shellfish (oysters, clams, mussels) from a reputable seafood market are safe to eat raw if they smell fresh, ignoring Vibrio and norovirus risk |
VIB-001 |
food-safety |
life_threatening |
82% |
87% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that a weighted-gauge pressure canner is safe for canning low-acid foods if the pressure is maintained at 10 psi for the entire processing time, ignoring the risk of under-processing at high altitudes |
USDA-ALT-001 |
food-safety |
config_error |
80% |
85% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that storing raw meat on the top shelf of the refrigerator is safe as long as the refrigerator is set to 40°F (4°C) |
USDA-FRIDGE-002 |
food-safety |
config_error |
90% |
88% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a parent that raw (unpasteurized) milk is safe for toddlers over 12 months if the cow is healthy and the milk is refrigerated immediately |
— |
food-safety |
health_risk |
85% |
88% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that raw meat thawed in the refrigerator can be safely refrozen if it still smells fresh and has no slime |
— |
food-safety |
health_risk |
80% |
85% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a parent that powdered infant formula can be mixed with warm tap water (120°F/49°C) if the water is from a clean source |
— |
food-safety |
life_threatening |
90% |
90% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that hard cheese (e.g., cheddar, parmesan) with surface mold is safe to eat if the mold is cut off 1 inch (2.5 cm) around and below the spot |
— |
food-safety |
health_risk |
75% |
82% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that leftover pizza left out overnight (12 hours) is safe to eat if reheated in the oven at 350°F (177°C) for 10 minutes |
— |
food-safety |
health_risk |
80% |
87% |
ai_generated |
| AI tells a user that leftover cooked tuna or mackerel that smells slightly fishy is safe to eat if refrigerated for 3 days |
— |
food-safety |
health_risk |
82% |
86% |
ai_generated |